Palomba, GeremiaVodopivec, Milan2013-06-192013-06-192001-060-8213-4966-Xhttps://hdl.handle.net/10986/14024This report compiles a rich set of previously unavailable data to define where the education sector in Albania has evolved, what key challenges remain, and the priority areas for action by the Albanian government. The report finds that four broad tasks must be tackled to improve education. The country must: 1) increase enrollment rates with the goal of achieving truly universal education in primary and lower secondary schools, and reversing the actual trend of decreasing secondary enrollment; 2) improve the quality of education, which requires developing human resource policies--such as teacher development programs and improved salaries--that will attract good teachers and give them incentives to perform well in classrooms; and providing an adequate physical school environment, which means, among other things, renovating and adequately maintaining school buildings; 3) increase public spending on education, which requires developing clear priorities and reducing relative spending on tertiary education; providing constant and reliable funding to support the identified policy priorities; and increasing spending on non-wage expenditures and investments; and 4) make better use of teachers and schoolsby decentralizing decisionmaking and responsibilities that are more reasonably delegated to the local level.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACHIEVEMENTSADDITIONADDITIONAL RESOURCESAGE GROUPAGEDAIRATTENDING SCHOOLAVERAGE LEVELBASIC EDUCATIONCALLCLASS SIZECLASSROOM ORGANIZATIONCLASSROOMSCOMPARATIVE ASSESSMENTCOSTS OF EDUCATIONECOLOGYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC TRANSITIONEDUCATION EXPENDITURESEDUCATION INDICATORSEDUCATION SECTOREDUCATION SERVICESEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATION SYSTEMSEDUCATIONAL PROCESSESEDUCATIONAL RESOURCESEDUCATIONAL SERVICESEFFECTIVE EDUCATIONENROLLMENTENROLLMENT RATEENROLLMENT RATESENROLMENT RATESEQUAL ACCESSEQUAL DISTRIBUTIONFAMILIESFEMALE ENROLLMENTFINANCIAL RESOURCESGENDER EQUALITYGENDER EQUITYGIRLSGROSS ENROLLMENTGROSS ENROLLMENT RATESHUMAN DEVELOPMENTILLITERACYIMMIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSLABOR MARKETLEARNINGLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLITERACYLOCAL LEVELLOW ENROLLMENTMATHEMATICSMATHEMATICS TEACHERSMEANINGNET ENROLLMENTPAPERSPARTICIPATION RATESPRE-PRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY ENROLLMENTPRIMARY ENROLLMENT RATESPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRINTINGPRIVATE COSTSPRIVATE EDUCATIONPUBLIC INSTITUTIONSPUBLIC PRIMARYPUBLIC SCHOOLSPUBLIC SECTORQUALITY OF EDUCATIONRURAL AREASRURAL POPULATIONSCHOOL BUILDINGSSCHOOL CONSTRUCTIONSCHOOL ENVIRONMENTSCHOOLINGSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY ENROLLMENTSECONDARY LEVELSECONDARY SCHOOL ATTENDANCESECONDARY SCHOOLSSOCIAL POLICYTEACHERTEACHER DEVELOPMENTTEACHER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMSTEACHER TRAININGTEACHERSTEACHINGTEACHING STAFFTERTIARY EDUCATIONUNEMPLOYMENTUNIVERSAL EDUCATIONUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONURBAN AREASURBAN SCHOOLSVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONWASTEWORKERSWORKING CONDITIONS EDUCATIONAL FINANCINGEDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCYEQUITY IN EDUCATIONACCESS TO EDUCATIONPARTICIPATION RATESGIRLS' EDUCATIONPUBLIC EXPENDITURESLOW-INCOME FAMILIESSECONDARY SCHOOLSBASIC EDUCATIONPRESCHOOL EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATIONRECURRENT COSTSTEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMSTEACHER QUALIFICATIONSTEACHER EMPLOYMENT BENEFITSTEACHER SALARIESWORKING CONDITIONSSCHOOL FACILITIESCLASSROOMSSCHOOL SIZETEACHING METHODSDECENTRALIZATIONDECISION MAKINGWorld Bank10.1596/14024