World Bank2014-04-172014-04-172007-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17909The purpose of this note is to assist policymakers by proposing a pragmatic and flexible program of change which will enable Turkey to develop a modernized gas market structure. The note is supportive of the objectives of the natural gas market law and does not call for fundamental changes in it. Rather, it suggests some modification of the law's present rigidities. The context for the note includes several implementation concerns and questions raised by the incumbent gas monopoly, Turkish National Gas Company, government institutions and the private sector.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOAUCTIONAVAILABILITYBALANCECLEAN ENERGYCOALCOMMERCIALIZATIONCOMPETITION POLICYCOMPETITIVE ENERGIESCOMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENTCOMPETITIVE GAS MARKETCOMPETITIVE WHOLESALE MARKETCOMPETITIVENESSCONSTRUCTIONCONSUMER GROUPSCONTINGENT LIABILITIESCONTRACT PORTFOLIOCONTRACT TRANSFERCOST OF GASCRUDE OILDEMAND FOR GASDEMAND GROWTHDISTRIBUTION LICENSINGDISTRIBUTION NETWORKSDOMESTIC GASDOMESTIC MARKETEAST EUROPEELECTRICITYELECTRICITY GENERATINGELECTRICITY GENERATING INDUSTRYEMISSIONSENERGY BALANCEENERGY NEEDSENERGY PLANNERSENERGY SECTORENERGY SOURCESEXTENSIVE TRANSMISSION BACKBONEFAIRFAIR COMPETITIONFOREIGN GASFRANCHISEESFUELFUELSFUNCTIONAL GAS MARKETGASGAS BUSINESSGAS CHAINGAS COMMODITYGAS COMPANYGAS CONSULTATIVE BODYGAS CONSUMERSGAS CONSUMPTIONGAS CORRIDORGAS DEMANDGAS DEMAND PROJECTIONSGAS DISTRIBUTIONGAS FIELDSGAS IMPORTGAS IMPORT INFRASTRUCTUREGAS IMPORTINGGAS IMPORTING BUSINESSGAS IMPORTSGAS INDUSTRYGAS MARKETGAS MARKET LIBERALIZATIONGAS MARKET STRATEGYGAS MARKET STRUCTUREGAS MARKETSGAS PIPELINESGAS PRICESGAS PRODUCERGAS PRODUCERSGAS PURCHASEGAS RELEASEGAS RELEASE PROGRAMGAS RESERVESGAS RESERVES HOLDERSGAS RESOURCEGAS SECTORGAS SECTOR RESTRUCTURINGGAS SECTOR STRATEGYGAS STORAGEGAS STRATEGYGAS STRATEGY ISSUING POLICY STATEMENTGAS SUPPLIERGAS SUPPLIER COUNTRIESGAS SUPPLIERSGAS SUPPLYGAS SUPPLY SECURITYGAS SWAPSGAS TRANSITGAS TRANSMISSIONGAS USAGEGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHIGH SULFUR COALHYDRO GENERATIONHYDROPOWERINCENTIVE REGULATIONINCUMBENT SUPPLIERSINDUSTRY STRUCTUREINTERNATIONAL GAS INDUSTRYINTERNATIONAL INVESTORSINTERNATIONAL SOURCES OF SUPPLYLEGAL STATUSLNGMARKET FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATIONMARKET FOR GASMARKET INFORMATIONMARKET OPENINGMARKET RISKMARKET RISKSMARKET SHAREMARKET TRANSITIONMIDDLE EASTMILLION BARRELSMINIMUM GAS PURCHASE PROJECTIONSMONOPOLIESMONOPOLYMONOPOLY POWERNATIONAL ENERGYNATIONAL GASNATIONAL GAS STRATEGYNATIONAL TRANSMISSIONNATIONAL TRANSMISSION NETWORKNATIONAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMNATURAL GASNATURAL GAS MARKETNATURAL GAS MARKET LAWNATURAL GAS USENATURAL RESOURCESOILOIL AND GASOIL INDUSTRYOIL MARKETOIL TRANSPORTATIONPETROLPETROLEUMPETROLEUM EXPLORATIONPETROLEUM PRODUCINGPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPILOT PROJECTSPIPELINEPIPELINE INVESTMENTSPIPELINE OPTION FOR EXPORTSPOWER PLANTSPOWER PRODUCERSPRIMARY ENERGYPRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLYPRIVATE INVESTORSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATIZATIONPROSPECTIVE OIL PIPELINESPROVISION OF GASPURCHASINGRE-EXPORTRE-EXPORT OF GASREGIONAL PIPELINESREGULATORY AGENCYRENEWABLE ENERGIESRENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE RESOURCESRETAILRETAIL COMPETITIONSPREADSTOCKSSTORAGE CAPACITYSTORAGE FACILITIESSTORAGE FACILITYSUBSTITUTESSULFURSURPLUSSURPLUSESTHERMAL POWERTHERMAL POWER PLANTSTRADERSTRANSITIONAL PATHTRANSMISSION ENTITYTRANSMISSION LINESTRANSMISSION SYSTEMUNBUNDLINGVERTICAL INTEGRATIONWESTERN EUROPEWHOLESALE COMPETITIONWHOLESALE PRICEWHOLESALERSWHOLESALING10.1596/17909