World Bank2013-03-072013-03-072007-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12606This report summarizes the findings of Investment Climate Assessments (ICAs) carried out for all countries in the South Asia region. It compares South Asian countries to countries in other regions, analyzes similarities and differences within the region, and identifies the way forward in improving the investment climate. The first volume analyzes similarities and differences within the region and between South Asia and the comparator countries. Chapter 1 assesses the investment climate in South Asia vis-a-vis a number of comparator countries. Chapter 2 analyzes the dimensions of the South Asian investment climate. Chapter 3 highlights the costs imposed by deficiencies in the investment climate. Chapter 4 reviews the policy recommendations proposed by the various lCA surveys for the different dimensions identified: infrastructure (power, transportation), factors of production (finance, labor market and skills, technology), regulatory burden and corruption, and risk and uncertainty (policy predictability, judicial reforms, security). The second volume provides the detailed and standardized country-specific data underpinning the analysis in Volume 1.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO BANKACCESS TO CREDITACCESS TO EXTERNAL FINANCEACCESS TO FINANCEACCESS TO FORMAL CREDITACCESS TO FORMAL FINANCEACCESSIBILITYACCOUNTINGAVAILABILITY OF FINANCEBANK ACCESSBANK ACCOUNTBANK CREDITBANK FINANCINGBANK LENDINGBANK LOANBANKING ASSETSBANKING SECTORBANKING SYSTEMBANKRUPTCYBANKRUPTCY FRAMEWORKBORROWERBRIBESBUDGET DEFICITSBUSESBUSINESS ACTIVITIESBUSINESS COMMUNITYBUSINESS CONFIDENCEBUSINESS PROBLEMCAPITAL FINANCECAPITAL REQUIREMENTSCAPITALIZATIONCASH FLOWCASH FLOW ANALYSISCOLLATERALCOLLATERAL REQUIREMENTSCOMMERCIAL BANKINGCOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMPETITIVE MARKETCOMPUTER TRAININGCONGESTIONCONTRACT ENFORCEMENTCORRUPTIONCREDIBILITYCREDIT BUREAUSCREDIT INFORMATIONCREDIT LINESCREDIT MARKETCREDIT MARKETSCREDIT RATINGCREDIT RATING AGENCIESCREDIT SOURCESCREDIT UNIONCREDITWORTHINESSDEBIT CARDDEBTDEBT FINANCINGDECENTRALIZATIONDEPOSITDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDRIVINGEARNINGSECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESECONOMIC POLICYELECTRONIC BANKINGEMPLOYEEENFORCEMENT MECHANISMSENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTSENROLLMENTENTERPRISE OPERATIONSENTREPRENEURSEQUIPMENTEQUITY MARKETSEXPORT GROWTHEXPRESSWAYSEXTERNAL FINANCINGFARESFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTSFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL PRODUCTSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFINANCIAL SERVICESFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCIAL SYSTEMSFIRM PERFORMANCEFISCAL CONSTRAINTSFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFORM OF CREDITFREIGHTFREIGHT TRANSPORTGLOBAL ECONOMYGLOBALIZATIONGOVERNMENT POLICYGOVERNMENT REGULATIONSGREATER ACCESSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHIGH INTEREST RATESHIGHWAYSHOUSEHOLDSHUMAN RESOURCESIDILLITERACYINFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINSPECTIONINTEREST RATESINTERNAL FINANCEINTERNAL FINANCINGINTERNAL FUNDSINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL BANKSINTERNATIONAL INVESTORSINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSINVENTORYINVESTMENT CAPITALINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT CLIMATESINVESTMENT DECISIONSINVESTMENT FINANCINGJUDICIAL REFORMSJUDICIAL SYSTEMLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLACK OF ACCESSLACK OF COLLATERALLAND AS COLLATERALLAND MARKETLAND MARKETSLEGAL SYSTEMLENDERSLETTERS OF CREDITLIMITED ACCESSLINE OF CREDITLOANLOAN APPLICATIONLOAN RECOVERYLOCAL GOVERNMENTSLONG-TERM FINANCEMACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTMACROECONOMIC INSTABILITYMACROECONOMIC POLICYMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMARKET CONDITIONSMICROENTERPRISESMICROFINANCEMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONSMOBILE PHONEMOBILE PHONESMODE OF TRANSPORTATIONMONEY LENDERSMULTINATIONALNONPAYMENTOUTSTANDING LOANSOVERDRAFTOVERDRAFT FACILITIESOVERDRAFT FACILITYOVERDRAFTSOVERHEAD COSTSPENETRATION RATEPHONE PENETRATIONPHYSICAL ASSETSPOLLUTIONPOOR ACCESSPOPULATION GROWTHPOTENTIAL INVESTORSPRIVATE CAPITALPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATIZATIONPROFITABILITYPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC BANKSRAILRAIL NETWORKRAIL SERVICESRAILROADSRAILWAYSREAL ESTATERECESSIONARY PERIODREGULATORY FRAMEWORKRELIANCE ON COLLATERALREMITTANCESRETURNSRISK MANAGEMENTROADROAD NETWORKROAD QUALITYROAD TRANSPORTROADSROLLING STOCKSAFETYSALES GROWTHSANITATIONSHARE OF INVESTMENTSMALL BUSINESSSMALL BUSINESSESSMALL ENTERPRISESSMALL-BUSINESSSPEEDSSTART-UPSTART-UPSSTATE BANKSSUBSIDIZATIONSUPERVISORY AUTHORITIESTARIFF BARRIERSTAXTAX RATESTELECOMMUNICATIONSTERM CREDITTRADE CREDITSTRADE FINANCETRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADINGTRAFFICTRANSACTIONS COSTSTRANSITTRANSPARENCYTRANSPORTTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT PROBLEMSTRANSPORT SERVICESTRANSPORT SYSTEMTRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION PROBLEMSTRUCKSTRUEUNIONUNIVERSAL ACCESSURBAN AREASVEHICLEVEHICLESVENTURE CAPITALVILLAGESWORKING CAPITALWorld Bank10.1596/12606