World Bank2013-03-282013-03-282007-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13044This review's objectives were to examine the structure and performance of the agricultural research and extension systems (public and private) at the central and provincial levels, identify successes as well as constraints to improving the system s effectiveness for fostering innovation, and propose options for further policy and institutional development, drawing on lessons from international experience. The review focused principally on nonplantation crops, although its main recommendations apply across the agricultural sector. This synthesis report summarizes the main findings of the review and builds upon them by adding some new elements. The conflict in Sri Lanka is explicitly recognized. Additionally, the implications of changes in the wider agricultural context for agricultural research and extension are explored, and have led to the adoption of an innovation systems perspective to organize the major findingsen-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC STAFFACCEPTABLE STANDARDACCESS TO CREDITACCESS TO KNOWLEDGEADAPTIVE RESEARCHADVISORY COMMITTEESAGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIESAGRICULTURAL AGENCIESAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENTAGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATIONAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSAGRICULTURAL ECONOMYAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENTAGRICULTURAL EXTENSIONAGRICULTURAL GROWTHAGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONAGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGEAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTURAL MARKETSAGRICULTURAL POLICIESAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTSAGRICULTURAL RESEARCHAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ACTIVITIESAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH EXPENDITURESAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INVESTMENTAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INVESTMENTSAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH POLICYAGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SYSTEMAGRICULTURAL SCIENCEAGRICULTURAL SYSTEMAGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGYAGRICULTURAL YIELDSAGRICULTUREAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONAGRICULTURE RESEARCHAGRONOMYAKISANIMAL BREEDINGANIMAL FEEDANIMAL HUSBANDRYANIMAL PRODUCTIONANIMAL SCIENCEANIMALSAQUATIC RESOURCES RESEARCHARABLE LANDAVERAGE YIELDAVERAGE YIELDSBACKGROUND PAPERSBEEFBEEF INDUSTRYBIOLOGYBIOTECHNOLOGYCAPACITY BUILDINGCAREERCAREER PROSPECTSCASSAVACATTLECEREAL GRAINSCIVIL SOCIETYCOCONUTCOFFEECOMMODITIESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIESCOMPETITIVE GRANTSCOWPEASCROPCROP RESEARCHCROPPINGCROPSDAIRY INDUSTRYDAIRY PRODUCTSDECISION MAKERSDECISION MAKINGDEGREESDEMAND FOR RESEARCHDISCIPLINESDISEASE CONTROLDISEASESENERGY SOURCESEQUIPMENTEXTENSIONEXTENSION ORGANIZATIONSEXTENSION SERVICESFACULTIESFACULTY OF AGRICULTUREFAOFARMERSFARMINGFARMING SYSTEMSFARMSFEEDFINGER MILLETFISHERIESFOOD CROPSFOOD PRICESFOOD SECURITYFORESTRYFRUITSFTEGENDERGENETIC IMPROVEMENTGOATSGRAINHARVESTHIGH YIELDSHIGH-VALUE PRODUCTSHIGHER EDUCATIONHORTICULTURAL CROPHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENTHUNGERHYBRID MAIZEHYBRID RICEHYBRID SEEDINCOMESINDIAN COUNCIL FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHINFORMATION SYSTEMSINNOVATIONSINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYINTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTEINTERNATIONAL SERVICE FOR NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCHIRRIIRRIGATIONIRRIGATION SYSTEMSKNOWLEDGE ECONOMYKNOWLEDGE PRODUCTIONLABOR FORCELABORATORIESLABORATORY FACILITIESLIVELIHOODSLIVESTOCKLIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENTLIVESTOCK RESEARCHMAIZEMAIZE YIELDSMARKETINGMEATMEAT PRODUCTIONMILKMILK POWDERMINISTRIES OF AGRICULTUREMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMOAMOLECULAR BIOLOGYNARSNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SYSTEMNATIONAL RESEARCHNATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCILNATIONAL RESEARCH SYSTEMNATURAL RESOURCESNEW TECHNOLOGIESNGOSNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSNUTRITIONOILSEEDSPAPERSPEER REVIEWPERFORMANCE INDICATORSPEST MANAGEMENTPESTICIDESPESTSPLANT PROTECTIONPLANT SCIENCEPOTATOPOTATOESPOULTRYPOULTRY PRODUCTIONPOVERTY REDUCTIONPRIORITY SETTINGPRIVATE SECTORRENEWABLE ENERGYRESEARCH AGENDARESEARCH CAPACITYRESEARCH CENTERSRESEARCH INSTITUTESRESEARCH INSTITUTIONSRESEARCH PROGRAMSRESEARCH SYSTEMSRESEARCHERSRICERICE RESEARCHRICE VARIETIESRICE YIELDSRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL EMPLOYMENTRURAL POVERTYSCIENCE FACULTIESSCIENTIFIC EXCHANGESSCIENTISTSCIENTISTSSORGHUMSOYBEANSSUGARSUGARCANESUPPLY CHAINSSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTELECOMMUNICATIONTOBACCO COMPANYTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE STATISTICSTRAINING PROGRAMSTUBERSUNITED NATIONSUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITY FACULTYUNIVERSITY GRANTSUNIVERSITY OF ILLINOISVEGETABLE PRODUCTIONVEGETABLE RESEARCHVEGETABLESVETERINARY MEDICINEVETERINARY SERVICESWOMEN FARMERSWORKERSWORKING CAPITALWorld Bank10.1596/13044