World Bank2014-07-172014-07-172009-08-15https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18896This electricity sector strategy note was prepared by the World Bank, at the request of the Government of Syria. It identifies options for the Government to improve the financial and technical performance of the electricity sector. The note focuses in particular on the following major sector objectives: a) increasing the efficiency of the electric power sector, including by reducing large technical and commercial losses now standing at 27 percent of demand; b) reducing the growing gap between demand and supply of electricity through capacity expansion, thus enhancing security of electricity supply and reducing power outages; c) increasing security of supply further in an environmentally sustainable manner by developing vigorous energy efficiency and renewable energy programs; d) encouraging regional energy integration through a series of targeted investments in electric power and natural gas; e) attracting private sector investment into generation capacity expansion, including in renewable energy, through independent power producers; and f) making the electricity sector financially viable and coordinating natural gas production plans with electricity generation requirements.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYAIRALTERNATIVE FUELANNUAL GROWTH RATEAPPROACHAVAILABILITYAVERAGE PRICEBASE LOAD DEMANDCAPITAL COSTCAPITAL COSTSCLEAN TECHNOLOGYCLIMATECO2COALCOAL PRICECOAL PRICESCONSTRUCTION COSTCONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTSCYCLE POWER PLANTSDEMAND FOR ELECTRICITYDEMAND FORECASTDIESELDIESEL ENGINESDISTRIBUTION LOSSESDISTRIBUTION NETWORKDISTRIBUTION SYSTEMDOMESTIC GASDOMESTIC OILDOMESTIC RENEWABLE ENERGYDOMESTIC SUPPLYECONOMIC COSTSECONOMIC GROWTHEFFICIENCY GAINSEFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTEFFICIENCY POTENTIALELECTRIC ENERGYELECTRIC POWERELECTRIC POWER GENERATIONELECTRIC POWER SECTORELECTRICITYELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY DEMANDELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONELECTRICITY SALESELECTRICITY SECTORELECTRICITY SUPPLYELECTRICITY SYSTEMELECTRICITY TARIFFELECTRICITY TARIFFSEMISSIONEMPLOYMENTENERGY AUDITSENERGY BALANCEENERGY CONSERVATIONENERGY CONSERVATION POLICYENERGY CONSUMPTIONENERGY DEMANDENERGY DEVELOPMENTENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTSENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURESENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMSENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENTENERGY INTENSITYENERGY INTENSIVEENERGY MARKETENERGY MARKETSENERGY NEEDSENERGY PRICESENERGY RESEARCHENERGY SOURCESENERGY STRATEGYENERGY SUPPLYENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCEFEASIBILITYFINANCIAL BURDENFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFINANCIAL LOSSFINANCIAL PERFORMANCEFLUORESCENT LIGHTSFOSSILFOSSIL FUELSFUELFUEL CONSUMPTIONFUEL COSTFUEL COSTSFUEL EFFICIENCYFUEL PRICEFUEL PRICESFUEL SWITCHINGFUELSGAS COMPANYGAS CONSUMPTIONGAS FIELDSGAS IMPORTGAS IMPORTSGAS MARKETGAS PLANTSGAS PRICEGAS PRICESGAS PRODUCTION FACILITIESGAS RESERVESGAS SECTORGAS SUPPLYGAS TRANSMISSIONGAS TURBINEGAS TURBINESGAS UNITSGASIFICATIONGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATION MIXGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGROSS OUTPUTHEAVY FUEL OILHEAVY INDUSTRYHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHYDRO POWERHYDRO POWER PLANTSIMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCYINCOMEINCOME HOUSEHOLDSINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINVESTMENTS IN ENERGYINVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCYLIQUEFIED NATURAL GASLIVING STANDARDSLNGLNG TERMINALLOAD FACTORLOAD SHEDDINGLOW-CARBONMINERAL RESOURCESNATURAL GASNATURAL GAS CONSUMPTIONNATURAL GAS PRODUCTIONNATURAL GAS RESOURCESNATURAL GAS SUPPLYNEW PLANTSOILOIL CONSUMPTIONPEPEAK CAPACITYPEAK DEMANDPEAK DEMAND PERIODSPEAK GENERATIONPEAK LOADPETROLEUMPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPIPELINEPOLICY ADVICEPOWER DEMANDPOWER GENERATING CAPACITYPOWER GENERATION MIXPOWER GRIDPOWER GRIDSPOWER PLANTPOWER PLANTSPOWER PRODUCERSPOWER SECTORPOWER SECTORSPOWER SHORTAGESPOWER SUPPLYPOWER SYSTEMPOWER SYSTEMSPOWER UTILITIESPRICE ELASTICITYPRICE PROJECTIONSPRICE VOLATILITYPROVEN RESERVESQUALITY ENERGYREDUCING ELECTRICITY DEMANDRENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIALRENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCESRENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCESRENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESRENEWABLE RESOURCESRESERVE MARGINRESIDENTIAL CONSUMERSRESIDENTIAL DEMANDRURAL ELECTRIFICATIONSCENARIOSSOLAR WATER HEATINGSPOT MARKETSTEAM TURBINESSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE ENERGYTARIFF STRUCTURETAX INCENTIVESTOTAL CONSUMPTIONTOTAL COSTTOTAL DEMANDTRANSMISSION CAPACITYTRANSMISSION GRIDTRANSMISSION INTERCONNECTIONTRANSMISSION LOSSESTRANSMISSION SYSTEMUTILITIESVOLTAGEWINDWIND POWERWIND POWER PLANTS10.1596/18896