World BankObservatoire National de la Pauvreté et de l’Exclusion Sociale2015-02-262015-02-262014https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21519Despite a decline in both monetary and multidimensional poverty rates since 2000, Haiti remains among the poorest and most unequal countries in Latin America. Two years after the 2010 earthquake, poverty was still high, particularly in rural areas. This report establishes that in 2012 more than one in two Haitians was poor, living on less than $ 2.41 a day, and one person in four was living below the national extreme poverty line of $1.23 a day. Extreme poverty declined from 31 to 24 percent between 2000 and 2012, and there have been some gains in access to education and sanitation, although access to basic services is generally low and is characterized by important inequalities. Urban areas have fared relatively better than rural areas, reflecting more nonagricultural employment opportunities, larger private transfers, more access to critical goods, and services and narrowing inequality compared to rural areas. Continued advances in reducing both extreme and moderate poverty will require greater, more broad-based growth, but also a concerted focus on increasing the capacity of the poor and vulnerable to accumulate assets, generate income, and better protect their livelihoods from shocks. Special attention should be given to vulnerable groups such as women and children and to rural areas, which are home to over half of the population and where extreme poverty persists, and income inequality is increasing.Malgré une baisse des taux de pauvreté monétaire et multidimensionnelle depuis 2000, Haïti demeure un des pays les plus pauvres et les plus inégalitaires d’Amérique latine. Ce rapport établi qu’en 2012, plus d’un Haïtien sur deux se trouvait en situation de pauvreté avec moins de 2.41$ par jour, et une personne sur quatre vivait en dessous du seuil national de pauvreté extrême fixé à 1.23$ par jour. Si les avancées sont indéniables, de nombreux défis demeurent. L’extrême pauvreté a baissé de 31 à 24% entre 2000 et 2012, et des progrès ont été accomplis en termes d’accès à l’éducation et à l’assainissement, bien qu’en général l’accès aux services de base reste limité et caractérisé par d’importantes inégalités. On note que la situation de pauvreté dans les zones urbaines est relativement meilleure du fait des opportunités d’emploi non agricoles, des transferts privés, un meilleur accès aux biens et services essentiels, ainsi qu’en raison de la diminution des inégalités, contrairement aux zones rurales. Pour maintenir les progrès en matière de réduction de la pauvreté extrême et modérée, une croissance plus forte et plus généralisée est nécessaire. Cette dernière doit être accompagnée aussi par un effort concerté pour renforcer les capacités des populations pauvres et vulnérables à accumuler des actifs, générer des revenus et mieux protéger leurs moyens de subsistance des chocs. Enfin, le rapport met en évidence le besoin d’accorder une attention particulière aux groupes vulnérables tels que les femmes et les enfants ainsi qu’aux zones rurales, où plus de la moitié de la population réside, où l’extrême pauvreté perdure et où l’inégalité des revenus s’est amplifiée.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE TERMSACCESS TO ASSETSACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESACCESS TO MARKETSACCESS TO SERVICESACCOUNTABILITY OF SERVICE PROVIDERSAGRICULTURAL EXPORTSAGRICULTURAL INPUTSAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL SECTORAVERAGE GROWTHAVERAGE INEQUALITYBASIC HEALTHBASIC INFRASTRUCTURECAPITAL ACCUMULATIONCARIBBEAN REGIONCHILD MORTALITYCHRONIC POVERTYCHRONICALLY POORCONSUMPTION AGGREGATECONSUMPTION DATACONSUMPTION POVERTYCOPING MECHANISMSCORRELATES OF POVERTYCOVARIATE SHOCKSCROP DIVERSIFICATIONDECLINE IN POVERTYDESCRIPTIVE STATISTICSDEVELOPMENT GOALSDEVELOPMENT INDICATORSDOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF RICEDRINKING WATERDROUGHTEARTHQUAKEECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPACTECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC SHOCKSEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONEPIDEMICSEXTERNAL SHOCKSEXTREME POVERTYEXTREME POVERTY LINEEXTREME POVERTY LINESFAMINEFARM ACTIVITIESFARM ACTIVITYFARM CROPSFARMERSFEMALE WORKFORCEFINANCIAL FLOWSFOOD AIDFOOD BASKETFOOD INSECURITYFOOD NEEDSFOOD POVERTYFOOD POVERTY LINEFOOD PRICESFOOD SECURITYFORMAL EDUCATIONFORMAL SAFETY NETSGENDER INEQUALITIESGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONSGINI COEFFICIENTGROWTH PERFORMANCEGROWTH RATEHEADCOUNT POVERTYHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH OUTCOMESHIGH INEQUALITYHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD HEADSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATIONHOUSEHOLD SIZEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEXIDIOSYNCRATIC SHOCKSIMPACT OF SHOCKSINCIDENCE OF POVERTYINCOMEINCOME DATAINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME POVERTYINCOME QUINTILEINCOME SHAREINCOME VOLATILITYINEQUALITYINEQUALITY REDUCTIONINTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINESLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLAND ACQUISITIONLEGAL STATUSLIVING STANDARDSLOW-INCOME COUNTRIESMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL MORTALITYNATIONAL POVERTYNATIONAL POVERTY LINENATIONAL POVERTY LINESNATIONAL POVERTY RATENATURAL DISASTERNATURAL DISASTERSNATURAL SHOCKSPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPER CAPITA INCOMEPOLICY FRAMEWORKPOLITICAL INSTABILITYPOLITICAL STABILITYPOORPOOR COUNTRIESPOOR GOVERNANCEPOOR HOUSEHOLDPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR LIVINGPOVERTY ANALYSISPOVERTY ASSESSMENTPOVERTY ASSESSMENT TEAMPOVERTY ESTIMATESPOVERTY GAPPOVERTY INCIDENCEPOVERTY INDEXPOVERTY INDICATORPOVERTY INDICATORSPOVERTY LEVELPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MAPPOVERTY MEASUREPOVERTY MEASUREMENTPOVERTY MEASURESPOVERTY POVERTYPOVERTY PROFILEPOVERTY PROFILESPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGYPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPERPOVERTY STATUSPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIVATE TRANSFERSPROGRESSPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC PROVISIONREMITTANCESREPEATED SHOCKSRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRISK MANAGEMENTRISK REDUCTIONRURALRURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL INCOMERURAL INCOME GENERATIONRURAL LIVELIHOODSRURAL PHENOMENONRURAL POORRURAL POPULATIONRURAL POPULATIONSRURAL POVERTYRURAL RESIDENTSSAFETY NETSANITATIONSCHOOL FEEDINGSELF-EMPLOYMENTSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL SECURITYSOIL EROSIONSQUARED POVERTY GAPSTRUCTURAL REFORMSSUBSISTENCESUSTAINABLE GROWTHSUSTAINABLE POVERTYSUSTAINABLE POVERTY REDUCTIONTARGETINGTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETRADE SHOCKSUNEMPLOYMENTUNEQUAL COUNTRIESURBAN AREASURBAN POORVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY TO POVERTYVULNERABLE GROUPSWATER SOURCESWELFARE MEASURESWELFARE QUINTILESYOUNG ADULTS10.1596/21519