World Bank2012-03-192012-03-192009-05-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3207This study is a continuation of the previous sector review, conducted in 2004. The 2008 review had two main objectives. This review is primarily an update on the situation. In its development strategy, Benin gave considerable importance to the health of its population. This effort is part of the long-term vision of the country. Improving health status, especially for the poor, is one of eight strategic directions for that vision. Similarly, on a more operational level, this objective is reflected in the current Growth Strategy for Poverty Reduction (GPRS 2007-2009). Benin is particularly committed towards the Millennium Development Goals, including 3 on the health sector. This review was also an opportunity to further analyze the constraints in the health system, consistent with the new strategy Health Nutrition and Population World Bank, Strategy adopted in 2007. But this exercise was not intended merely to be analytical. It also aimed to enrich the political dialogue between, on one hand, the actors in health and, secondly, the World Bank and other development partners. This effort relates more specifically to some themes such as governance, private sector involvement and alignment of partners' efforts (called technical and financial partners in Benin or PTFs). From this perspective, the journal is also a contribution to Benin's efforts to advance the IHP (International Health Partnership Plus). This initiative is now the main tool for implementing the Paris Declaration. In practice, the journal has sought to contribute to the consensus between the Ministry of Health and the donor group on the diagnosis of the health system and the changes needed to strengthen it. Several guidelines have emerged stronger from this discussion, particularly in the area of governance of the health system. Beyond the reinforcement of the various components of the health system, two fundamental principles should guide the transformation of this system: 1) A principle of corporate governance: through decentralization of the health system, health facilities must have their basic needs better taken into account (hence the need for bottom-up planning) and especially as more independent financially administrative; and 2) A principle of individual governance: health workers should be strongly encouraged to improve their performance (competence, productivity and compliance of patients). Given the limited success of measures to strengthen inspections and other controls "top-down, this incentive can only come from clients, either directly (i.e., bonuses based on cost recovery), or preferably indirectly with a mechanism for payment by results funded by the state and possibly partners.CC BY 3.0 IGOAGEDANEMIAANTENATAL CAREANTENATAL VISITSBABIESBEDSBIRTH SPACINGBIRTHSBLOOD PRODUCTSBREAST FEEDINGBREASTFEEDINGBURDEN OF DISEASECANCERCASE MANAGEMENTCHILD BIRTHCHILD DEATHSCHILD HEALTHCHILD MALNUTRITIONCHILD MORTALITYCHILD MORTALITY FACTORSCHILDBIRTHCHILDREN PER WOMANCHOLERACHRONIC MALNUTRITIONCITIZENSCLINICAL SERVICESCOMMUNITY HEALTHCOMMUNITY HEALTH CARECOMPLICATIONSCONTRACEPTIVE METHODDEMOGRAPHIC PRESSUREDEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITIONDIARRHEADRUGSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC STATUSECOSYSTEMEMERGENCY OBSTETRICAL CAREEPIDEMICEPIDEMIOLOGICAL TRANSITIONESSENTIAL DRUGSEXCESS MORTALITYFAMILIESFERTILITYFERTILITY RATESFOOD INSECURITYHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE PROVIDERSHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CARE SPENDINGHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH FACILITYHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH INFORMATIONHEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMHEALTH INTERVENTIONSHEALTH NUTRITIONHEALTH POLICYHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH RESULTSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH STRATEGYHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCEHEALTH WORKERSHEALTHY BEHAVIORSHIGH FERTILITYHIGH FERTILITY RATEHIGH-RISKHIGH-RISK POPULATIONSHIVHIV/AIDSHOSPITALHOSPITALIZATIONHOSPITALSHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENTHUMAN RIGHTSHYGIENEHYPERTENSIONIMMUNIZATIONIMPACT ON CHILDRENIMPACT ON HEALTHINCIDENCE OF MALARIAINCOMEINCOME INEQUALITYINFANTINFANT MORTALITYINFECTIONINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFORMATION SYSTEMINSECTICIDE IMPREGNATED MOSQUITO NETSINTEGRATIONINTERNATIONAL COMPARISONSINTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSINTERVENTIONIODINEIRONIRON DEFICIENCYLABOR MARKETLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLIVING CONDITIONSLOCAL POPULATIONLOW BIRTH WEIGHTMALARIAMALARIA INCIDENCEMALNUTRITION SITUATIONMANDATESMATERNAL DEATHSMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATEMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOMATERNITY HOSPITALSMEDICAL TREATMENTMEDICINESMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIESMICRONUTRIENTSMIDWIFEMIDWIVESMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORBIDITYMORTALITYMORTALITY RATESMOSQUITO NETMOSQUITO NETSMOTHERNATIONAL HEALTHNATIONAL POLICYNEONATAL MORTALITYNEWBORNNEWBORN HEALTHNEWBORNSNUMBER OF CHILDRENNUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL PRACTICESNUTRITIONAL STATUSORAL REHYDRATION THERAPYORTPATIENTPATIENTSPLACE OF RESIDENCEPOPULATION CENSUSPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION DIVISIONPOPULATION FORECASTSPOPULATION FUNDPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH RATEPOPULATION STRATEGYPRACTITIONERSPREGNANT WOMENPREVALENCE OF CONTRACEPTIONPRIMARY CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPROBABILITYPRODUCTIVITYPROGRESSPROMOTION OF HEALTHPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMQUALITY OF CAREQUALITY SERVICESREFERRAL SYSTEMRESPECTRESPIRATORY INFECTIONSRISK FACTORSRULE OF LAWRURAL AREASRURAL WOMENSANITATIONSCHOOLSSERVICE UTILIZATIONSERVICES FOR CHILDRENSKILLED STAFFSOCIAL BURDENSTUNTINGSURVIVAL OF CHILDRENTETANUSTREATMENT OF MALARIAUNFPAURBAN AREASURBANIZATIONUSE OF HEALTH CARE SERVICESVACCINATIONVACCINESVITAMIN AWASTEWASTE DISPOSALWASTINGWORKERSYOUNG CHILDRENWorld Bank10.1596/3207