FAOWorld Bank2014-07-292014-07-292006-08-31https://hdl.handle.net/10986/19055The World Bank's revised forest policy came into being in 2002 and covers all types of forests. It has the following key objectives: (i) harnessing the potential of forests to reduce poverty in a sustainable manner; (ii) integrating forests effectively into sustainable development; and (iii) protecting vital local and global environmental services and values. The policy enables the bank to fully engage in forestry throughout the developing world, while ensuring that it complies with such safe guard policies such as OP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment), OP 4.04 (Natural Habitats) and OD 4.20 (Indigenous Peoples). On the other hand, the policy provides only a general framework for its lending operations in forestry and cannot take account of the individual socio-economic and environmental needs of regions and sub regions. To carry out the work, experienced local consultants were recruited to prepare country level reports following guidelines provided by the FAO Investment Centre, the aim being to gain a strong local perspective on the main issues and potential for sustainable and equitable growth in the sector. These reports were complimented by reference to an extensive literature base to produce individual country reports and the summary which follows. Given the complexity of forestry in the region, the need to involve large numbers of stakeholders, and the need to accommodate change, the findings of this report should not be regarded as definitive, but rather as a first step to shaping the Bank's interventions in the sector in individual countries over the medium term. It should also be noted that data have been obtained from a variety of sources, and that inconsistencies and gaps were common; they should consequently be regarded as orders of magnitude.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCURATE INFORMATIONACTION PLANACTIVE PARTICIPATIONADEQUATE RESPONSEADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURESAFFORESTATIONAGRICULTURAL EXPANSIONAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTUREAMPHIBIANSANIMALANNUAL DEFORESTATIONARCHIPELAGOAREA OF FORESTARMED FORCESBAMBOOBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIODIVERSITY POLICYCARBONCATTLECELLULOSECLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECOCOMMERCIAL VALUECOMMUNAL PROPERTYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETING LAND USECONCESSIONCONDITIONALITYCONSERVATION OF FORESTSCONSERVATION POLICIESCONTINENTAL LAND AREACORDILLERADEFORESTATIONDEFORESTATION RATEDEGRADED LANDDIVERSITY OF BIRDSDOMESTIC CONSUMPTIONDROUGHTDRY FORESTSDRY TROPICAL FORESTSECONOMIC FACTORSECONOMICSEMISSIONSENCROACHMENTENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTAL SERVICESEQUILIBRIUMEUCALYPTUSFARMSFIREWOODFLOODSFORESTFOREST ACTIVITIESFOREST ADMINISTRATIONFOREST AREAFOREST AREASFOREST AUTHORITYFOREST CERTIFICATIONFOREST CONCESSIONFOREST CONCESSIONSFOREST CONSERVATIONFOREST CONTROLFOREST CONVERSIONFOREST COVERFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST DEVELOPMENTFOREST DWELLERSFOREST ECOSYSTEMFOREST ECOSYSTEMSFOREST ESTATEFOREST EXPLOITATIONFOREST EXTRACTIONFOREST FIRESFOREST FRONTIERFOREST HARVESTINGFOREST INDUSTRIESFOREST INVESTMENTFOREST LANDFOREST LAND OWNERSFOREST LAWFOREST LAW ENFORCEMENTFOREST LEGISLATIONFOREST LOSSFOREST MANAGEMENTFOREST MANAGEMENT PLANSFOREST OWNERFOREST OWNERSFOREST OWNERSHIPFOREST PLANTATIONSFOREST POLICIESFOREST POLICYFOREST PRODUCTFOREST PRODUCTIONFOREST PROPERTYFOREST RESOURCEFOREST RESOURCESFOREST SECTORFOREST SERVICESFOREST STATISTICSFOREST STRATEGYFOREST TYPEFOREST TYPESFOREST USEFOREST ZONEFORESTRYFORESTRY PROGRAMGASGRASSLANDSGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASESHEAVY MACHINERYHIGHLANDSHUNTINGILLEGAL LOGGINGILLEGAL TIMBERINDIGENOUS COMMUNITIESINDIGENOUS FORESTINDUSTRIAL EXPANSIONISSUESIVORYLAND AVAILABILITYLAND CLEARINGLAND CONVERSIONLAND OWNERSLAND OWNERSHIPLAND REFORMLAND TENURELAND TENURE PROBLEMSLAND USELAND USE CHANGELAND USE PLANNINGLAND USE POLICYLAND USE SYSTEMLAND USE SYSTEMSLAND USE ZONINGLAND USESLAND ZONINGLAND-USELANDSCAPELANDSCAPE LEVELLEGAL MANDATELOGGINGMANGROVESMEDICINAL PLANTSMIGRATIONMMANATIONAL FOREST AUTHORITYNATIONAL FOREST PROGRAMNATIONAL PARKSNATURAL CAPITALNATURAL FORESTSNATURAL RESOURCESOILOIL COMPANIESOIL DRILLINGOIL INDUSTRYOIL PALMOIL PALM PLANTATIONSOIL PRICESOPPORTUNITY COSTSPALM SWAMPPALM TREEPLANTPLANT SPECIESPOLITICAL ECONOMYPRIMARY FORESTPRIMARY FORESTSPRIVATE FORESTSPRODUCTION COSTSPROPERTY RIGHTSPROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTSPUBLIC FOREST AUTHORITYPUBLIC FOREST LANDREFORESTATIONROADSRURAL COMMUNITIESSECONDARY FORESTSSINKSOCIAL PARTICIPATIONSTEWARDSHIPSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE FORESTSUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE GROWTHSUSTAINABLE PRODUCTIONSUSTAINABLE USESUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITYSUSTAINABLE YIELDTHREAT OF EXTINCTIONTIMBERTIMBER COMPANIESTIMBER EXPLOITATIONTIMBER EXTRACTIONTIMBER FORESTTIMBER FOREST PRODUCTTIMBER FOREST PRODUCTSTIMBER HARVESTINGTIMBER INDUSTRYTIMBER PRICESTIMBER PRODUCTIONTIMBER PRODUCTSTIMBER TRADETOURISMTOURISM INDUSTRYTRANSACTION COSTSTREE SPECIESTREESTROPICAL FORESTSTROPICAL LOWLAND FORESTSTROPICAL SPECIESVEGETATIONVEGETATION TYPEWILDLIFEWOODWOOD EXPORTSWOOD EXTRACTIONWOOD HARVESTWOOD IMPORTSWOOD INDUSTRYWOOD MARKETWOOD PRODUCTWOOD PRODUCTIONWOOD PRODUCTS10.1596/19055