McLean, KeithSen, Aditi2012-06-112012-06-112007-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7721This policy note summarizes the results of technical assistance offered in support of the Government of Romania (GOR) in its implementation of regional development programming for European Union (EU) accession. Three important questions confront Romania's policy makers: (i) how to operationalize regional and local development, given the context of EU structural funds; (ii) how to develop effective mechanisms for multi-level planning and resource allocation to filter resources (EU net transfers) to the regional and local levels where they will be most useful; and (iii) how to build on the successful experiences of the EU-15 and of projects supported by the World Bank and other donors that use bottom-up planning and implementation processes to develop effective local projects. This note looks at some answers to these questions as well as at the issues surrounding possible integration of the Regional Operations Programme (ROP) with other relevant EU operational programs, notably environment and rural development. Finally, this report aims to help inform the World Bank on how best to design future regional and rural development support programs, given the new context of EU funding.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESSIBILITYACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORKADMINISTRATIVE STRUCTUREADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMSADVISORY COMMITTEESAGRICULTUREAIDARCHITECTUREARTICLEBENEFICIARIESBUDGET TRANSFERSBUSINESS CENTERSBUSINESS DEVELOPMENTCAPACITY BUILDINGCAPACITY CONSTRAINTSCAPACITY-BUILDINGCENTRAL BUDGETCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCITIESCIVIC SOCIETYCOLLABORATIONCOMMUNESCOMMUNITIESCOMMUNITY GROUPSCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONCOMPETITIVE PROCESSCOUNTERPART FUNDDEBTDECENTRALIZATIONDECISION MAKERSDECISION MAKINGDECISION- MAKINGDECISION-MAKINGDECISION-MAKING PROCESSDECISION-MAKING PROCESSESDEVELOPMENT AGENCIESDEVELOPMENT FUNDSDEVELOPMENT GOALSDEVELOPMENT IMPACTDEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVESDEVELOPMENT PLANNINGDEVELOPMENT PROGRAMSDEVELOPMENT PROJECTSDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDOMESTIC FUNDINGDOMESTIC RESOURCEECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLANSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC RECOVERYECONOMIC REGENERATIONEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTENABLING ENVIRONMENTENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENTENTITLEMENTSEX-POST EVALUATIONEXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKEXPENDITURESEXTERNAL GRANTSEXTERNAL LOANSFINANCIAL CAPACITYFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL PLANFINANCIAL RESOURCESFISCAL CAPACITYFISCAL CONSTRAINTFISCAL CONSTRAINTSFISCAL DECENTRALIZATIONFISCAL DEFICITSFISCAL DISCIPLINEFORESTSGAPSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHOUSESHOUSINGINCOME TAXESINFANT MORTALITYINFLATIONINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTSINHABITANTSINNOVATIONSINTENDED BENEFICIARIESINTERGOVERNMENTAL TRANSFERSINTERVENTIONINTERVENTIONSLAGGING REGIONSLOCAL BORROWINGLOCAL BUDGETSLOCAL GOVERNMENTSLOCALITIESMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIESMEDIUM-TERM DEVELOPMENTMEMBER COUNTRIESMINISTRY OF ECONOMYMUNICIPAL COUNCILSMUNICIPALITIESNATIONAL BUDGETNATIONAL DEBTNATIONAL GOVERNMENTNATIONAL INCOMENATIONAL PRIORITIESNET INFLOWSOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURESPARTICIPATORY APPROACHPOLITICAL STRUCTURESPOVERTY LEVELPRIORITIESPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR GROWTHPROGRAM DESIGNPROGRAM MANAGEMENTPROGRAMMINGPROGRAMSPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC AUTHORITIESPUBLIC COMPANIESPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC INFORMATIONPUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC INVESTMENTSPUBLIC WORKSRDPREFORM AGENDAREGIONAL DEVELOPMENTREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICYREGIONAL DISPARITIESREGIONAL GOVERNMENTREGIONAL GOVERNMENTSREGIONAL POLICYRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESOURCE ALLOCATION SYSTEMRESOURCE ALLOCATIONSRESOURCE DEVELOPMENTRESOURCE FLOWSRESOURCES DEVELOPMENTRURAL AREARURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL ECONOMYSECTOR MINISTRIESSECTOR PROGRAMSSELF-HELPSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVIDERSSOCIAL COHESIONSOCIAL EXCLUSIONSOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURESOCIAL PARTNERSSOCIAL STRUCTURESTATED OBJECTIVESSTRATEGIC CHOICESSTRATEGIC PLANNINGSTRATEGIC PRIORITIESSTRATEGIC REALLOCATIONSUB-NATIONAL GOVERNMENTSSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTARGETINGTAX CAPACITYTAXABLE CAPACITYTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAMSTECHNICAL CONSTRAINTSTOWNSTRANSPARENCYTRANSPORTUNCERTAINTYURBAN DEVELOPMENTURBANIZATIONUSER GROUPSVILLAGE INVESTMENTVILLAGESWorld Bank10.1596/7721