Alam, AsadAnós Casero, PalomaKhan, FarukUdomsaph, Charles2012-05-292012-05-292008978-0-8213-7279-1https://hdl.handle.net/10986/6588The analysis presented in this report assembles, for the first time, evidence from a variety of sources in the countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union to show that policy and institutional reforms are important in achieving higher productivity growth. However, significant challenges remain in sustaining that growth. Many countries that started the reform process early, such as the new member states of the European Union, have come to resemble advanced market economies and face challenges in competing successfully in the global economy that are similar to the challenges faced by other European countries. For these new European Union members, the report argues, policies that facilitate innovation and firm expansion will be a key. But for other countries that started the reform process later, such as the countries of Southeastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, there is still a need to address the legacy of transition. For these countries, policies that accelerate restructuring and ease the entry and exit of firms will continue to be essential. This report - part of a series of regional studies of the World Bank's Europe and Central Asia region that has already covered poverty and inequality, the enhancement of job opportunities, trade and integration, migration and remittances, and the challenges posed by aging populations is intended as a contribution to the author thinking about how the World Bank may work more effectively with client states and other partners in the region to promote growth and foster higher living standards in a rapidly changing World.en-USCreative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTINGAGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITYAGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHAGRICULTUREALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCYAVERAGE PRODUCTIVITYAVERAGE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHBARRIERS TO ENTRYBENCHMARKINGBUSINESS CYCLEBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTBUYERCAPABILITIESCAPITAL FLOWSCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCAPITAL MARKETSCENTRAL BANKCENTRAL PLANNINGCOMMAND ECONOMYCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVE MARKETCOMPETITIVE PRESSURECOMPETITIVE PRESSURESCOMPETITIVENESSCOPYRIGHTCREATING JOBSCREATIVE DESTRUCTIONDATA DEFINITIONSDATA QUALITYDELIVERY OF GOODSDISPLACED LABORDISTRIBUTION CHANNELSDIVIDENDSDRIVERSE-MAILECONOMIC ACTIVITIESECONOMIC EFFICIENCYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INTEGRATIONECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC PROGRESSECONOMIC RECOVERYEFFICIENCY OF LABOREMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT GROWTHEMPLOYMENT RATEEMPLOYMENT SHAREENTERPRISE SURVEYSENTRY CONTRIBUTIONENTRY RATEEUROPEAN CENTRAL BANKEXPORT MARKETSEXPORTSFACTOR MARKETSFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL DATAFINANCIAL DEEPENINGFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL SERVICESFINANCIAL SUPPORTFIRM DYNAMICSFIRM DYNAMISMFIRM ENTRYFIRM EXITFIRM LEVELFIRM PRODUCTIVITYFIRM SIZEFIRM SURVIVALFIRM TURNOVERFLEXIBLE LABOR MARKETSFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN-OWNED FIRMSFREE TRADEGDPGDP PER CAPITAGLOBAL ECONOMYGLOBAL MARKETSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHIGH ENTRY RATESHIGH UNEMPLOYMENTHIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATESHIGH-TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIESHUMAN CAPITALICTINCOMEINCOME LEVELSINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINFORMAL SECTORINNOVATIONINTERNATIONAL MARKETSINTERNATIONAL STANDARDINTERNATIONAL TRADEJOB CREATIONJOB DESTRUCTIONJOB DESTRUCTION RATESJOB LOSSESJOB TURNOVERLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET FLEXIBILITYLABOR MARKET REGULATIONSLABOR MARKET RIGIDITIESLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHLABOR REALLOCATIONLABOR SUPPLYLABOURLICENSESLIQUIDITYLIVING STANDARDSLOW EMPLOYMENTMACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENTMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMANUFACTURINGMANUFACTURING INDUSTRIESMARKET ECONOMIESMARKET ECONOMYMARKET ENTRYMATERIALMICROECONOMIC ANALYSISMIGRATIONNET EMPLOYMENTNET EMPLOYMENT GAINSNET EMPLOYMENT IMPACTNET ENTRY COMPONENTNETWORKSNEW ENTRANTSNEW MARKETNEW MARKETSNEW TECHNOLOGIESOCCUPATIONSON-THE-JOB TRAININGOUTPUT PER CAPITAPENETRATION RATESPER CAPITA INCOMEPHOTOPRIVATE FIRMSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENTPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCT INFORMATIONPRODUCT MARKETPRODUCT MARKET COMPETITIONPRODUCT MARKET REGULATIONPRODUCTIVE ACTIVITIESPRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENTPRODUCTIVE FIRMSPRODUCTIVITYPRODUCTIVITY DECOMPOSITIONSPRODUCTIVITY DISPERSIONPRODUCTIVITY GAINSPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPRODUCTIVITY GROWTH RATESPRODUCTIVITY INCREASESPRODUCTIVITY LEVELSPRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCEPRODUCTIVITY REGRESSIONSPROFITABILITYPUBLIC POLICYPURCHASING POWERQUERIESR&DREAL INCOMEREALLOCATING RESOURCESREGRESSION ANALYSISRESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESULTSRETAIL TRADESAFETYSAFETY NETSAFETY NETSSERVICE INDUSTRIESSERVICE SECTORSERVICE SECTORSSKILL SHORTAGESSKILLED LABORSKILLED WORKERSSKILLED WORKFORCESOCIAL SAFETY NETSSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISESSUBSIDIARYSUPPLIERSSURVIVAL RATESURVIVAL RATESTAXONOMYTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONSTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTTELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS REFORMTELEPHONETOTAL EMPLOYMENTTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITYTOTAL OUTPUTTOTAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHTRADE FLOWSTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRANSITION ECONOMIESTRANSPORTUNEMPLOYMENT RATESUSESVALUE ADDEDVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONWAGESWITHIN-FIRM CONTRIBUTIONWITHIN-FIRM PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHWORKERWORKING CONDITIONSWORLD TRADEWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7279-1