Corno, Luciade Walque, Damien2012-03-192012-03-192012-02-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3251Swaziland and Lesotho have the highest HIV prevalence in the world. They also share another distinct feature: during the last century, they sent a large numbers of migrant workers to South African mines. This paper examines whether participation in mining in a bordering country affects HIV infection rate. A job in the mines means leaving for long periods away from their families and living in an area with an active sex industry. This creates potential incentives for multiple, concurrent partnerships. Using Demographic and Health Surveys, the analysis shows that migrant miners ages 30-44 are 15 percentage points more likely to be HIV positive, and women whose partner is a migrant miner are 8 percentage points more likely to become infected. The study also shows that miners are less likely to abstain or use condoms, and female partners of miners are more likely to engage in extramarital sex. The authors interpret these results as suggesting that miners' migration into South Africa has increased the spread of HIV/AIDS in their countries of origin. Consistent with this interpretation, the association between HIV infection and being a miner or a miner's wife are not statistically significant in Zimbabwe, a country where the mining industry is local and does not involve migrating to South Africa.CC BY 3.0 IGOABSTINENCEACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEADULT POPULATIONAGE GROUPSAGEDAIDS EPIDEMICANTENATAL CLINICSBEHAVIORAL CHANGESBGBULLETINCOHABITING COUPLESCOMMERCIAL SEXCOMMERCIAL SEX WORKERSCONDOMCONDOM USECONDOMSCONTRACEPTIVE METHODCOUNTRIES OF ORIGINCOUNTRY OF ORIGINDANGERSDEMOCRACYDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISEASE CONTROLDISEASESECONOMIC RESOURCESEDUCATED WOMENEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEPIDEMICEPIDEMICSEPIDEMIOLOGYEXTRAMARITAL SEXFACT SHEETFAMILIESFAMILY HEALTHFAMILY HEALTH INTERNATIONALFAMILY PLANNINGFEMALEFEMALESFIRST MARRIAGEFORMAL EDUCATIONFREQUENT USE OF CONDOMSGENDERGENDERSGENITAL ULCERSGIRLFRIENDSGLOBAL COMMISSIONGLOBAL COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONHEALTH SURVEYSHERPESHERPES SIMPLEXHERPES SIMPLEX VIRUSHIGH RISK GROUPSHIGH-RISK GROUPSHIVHIV INFECTIONHIV INFECTIONSHIV POSITIVEHIV PREVENTIONHIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONSHIV TESTINGHIV TRANSMISSIONHIV/AIDSHOMEHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUSBANDHUSBANDSILLITERACYILLNESSESIMMUNE DEFICIENCYIMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMESIMPACT OF MIGRATIONINDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICSINFECTION RATEINFORMATION CAMPAIGNSINTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH ON WOMENJOB OPPORTUNITIESLABOR FORCELAWSLUNG DISEASEMARITAL RELATIONSHIPSMARRIAGESMARRIED MENMARRIED WOMANMARRIED WOMENMEDICINEMIGRANTMIGRANT WORKERSMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMINISTRY OF HEALTHMOVEMENT OF PEOPLENATIONAL AIDSNATIONAL AIDS COMMISSIONNUMBER OF MIGRANTSNUMBER OF WORKERSOCCUPATIONAL DISEASESOLDER MENOLDER PARTNERSPANDEMICPERMANENT RESIDENCEPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOPULATION AND DEVELOPMENTPOPULATION CENSUSPREGNANT WOMENPREVALENCEPREVALENCE RATEPREVALENCE RATESPREVENTION EFFORTSPREVENTION INTERVENTIONSPREVENTION STRATEGIESPRIMARY EDUCATIONPROGRESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC SERVICESRADIORESPECTRISK FACTORSRISK OF EXPOSURERISK OF INFECTIONRISKY BEHAVIORSRISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSEXSEX INDUSTRYSEXUAL BEHAVIORSEXUAL BEHAVIORSSEXUAL CONTACTSSEXUAL INTERCOURSESEXUAL INTERCOURSESSEXUAL NETWORKSSEXUAL PARTNERSSEXUAL PRACTICESSEXUAL RELATIONSEXUAL RELATIONSSEXUAL RELATIONSHIPSEXUAL RELATIONSHIPSSEXUAL TRANSMISSIONSEXUALLY ACTIVESEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASESSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONSSINGLE MENSMALL COUNTRIESSOCIAL WELFARESPOUSETEENAGERSTELEVISIONTEMPORARY MIGRATIONTERTIARY EDUCATIONTRANSMISSION RATESTUBERCULOSISUNAIDSUNEMPLOYMENTURBAN AREASURBAN POPULATIONUSE OF CONDOMSVIRAL LOADSVIRGINITYVULNERABILITYWIDOWERSWIFEWILLWIVESWOMANWORKFORCEWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONYOUNG MENYOUNG WOMENWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5966