World Bank2013-04-222013-04-222011-06-30https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13250Providing education for all has been a core objective of many governments since the launch of the Millennium Development Goals a decade ago. Basic education is the foundation of education and learning and, as such, is the point where Turkey started its push for education for all. This policy note is designed as an input for the discussion among stakeholders in Turkey on how to improve the quality and equity of basic education. The document provides an analysis and benchmarking of the performance of basic education in Turkey in each of these areas along with international evidence and a discussion of specific policy options. Although Turkey has significantly expanded access to education in the last decade, important challenges await on two interrelated fronts: quality and equity. Turkey's educational system is currently of low quality relative to the growth and competitiveness ambitions of the country and is also significantly more inequitable than other Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, or OECD countries.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSENTEEISMACADEMIC SELECTIVITYACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO PRIMARY EDUCATIONACHIEVEMENT TESTSBASIC EDUCATIONCAREERCAREER CHOICECAREERSCHILD CARECHILD EDUCATIONCLASSROOMCLASSROOM MANAGEMENTCLASSROOMSCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTCOGNITIVE SKILLSCOGNITIVE STIMULATIONCOMPULSORY EDUCATIONCURRICULACURRICULUMCURRICULUM REVISIONDISADVANTAGED CHILDRENDISADVANTAGED SCHOOLSEARLY CHILDHOODEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATIONEARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATORSEARLY CHILDHOOD YEARSEARLY EDUCATIONEDUCATION BUDGETEDUCATION EXPANSIONEDUCATION FOR ALLEDUCATION INSTITUTIONSEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATION MANAGEMENTEDUCATION PERSONNELEDUCATION POLICIESEDUCATION PROGRAMSEDUCATION QUALITYEDUCATION REFORMEDUCATION SERVICESEDUCATION SYSTEMSEDUCATION TEACHERSEDUCATION TECHNOLOGIESEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL AUTHORITIESEDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURESEDUCATIONAL MATERIALSEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATIONAL OUTCOMESEDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCEEDUCATIONAL SERVICESEDUCATIONAL SYSTEMEFFECTIVE EDUCATIONEFFECTIVE TEACHERSEMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENTENROLLMENT RATEENROLMENT RATEEXAMSEXPANSION OF EDUCATIONFORMULA FUNDINGGENDER BIASGENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATIONGERGIRLSGRADE RETENTIONGRADUATION RATESGROSS ENROLLMENTGROSS ENROLLMENT RATESHIGH QUALITY EDUCATIONHIGH SCHOOLHIGH SCHOOLSHIGH-INCOME STUDENTSHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER GRADEHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENTHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINCOMING STUDENTSINFORMAL EDUCATIONINFORMATION SYSTEMSINSTRUCTIONINSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERYINTERVENTIONSINVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONKINDERGARTENKINDERGARTENSLEADERSHIPLEARNINGLEARNING ACHIEVEMENTLEARNING MATERIALSLEARNING OUTCOMESLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFELONG LEARNINGLITERACYLOCAL SCHOOLSLOW LEVELS OF EDUCATIONLOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATIONMATH SKILLSMATHEMATICSMOBILITYNATIONAL EDUCATIONNET ENROLLMENTNET ENROLLMENT RATENUMBER OF STUDENTSNUMERACYNUTRITIONPARITYPERSONALITYPRE-SCHOOL EDUCATIONPRESCHOOL EDUCATIONPRESCHOOL ENROLLMENTPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATION CURRICULAPRIMARY EDUCATION SYSTEMPRIMARY GRADESPRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENTPRIMARY GROSS ENROLLMENT RATEPRIMARY LEVELSPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENTPRIMARY SCHOOL SYSTEMSPRIMARY SCHOOLSPRIVATE INSTITUTIONSPRIVATE PARTNERSHIPSPRIVATE TUTORINGPROFICIENCYPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATIONPUBLIC EXPENDITURESPUBLIC SCHOOLSPUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLSQUALIFIED TEACHERSQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY EDUCATIONQUALITY OF EDUCATIONQUALITY OF TEACHERSQUALITY OF TEACHINGQUALITY SCHOOLSQUALITY TEACHERSRATES OF RETURNRATES OF RETURN TO EDUCATIONREADINGREPORT CARDSRESOURCES PER STUDENTRETURN TO EDUCATIONRETURNS TO EDUCATIONSCHOOL FACILITIESSCHOOL LEADERSSCHOOL LEVELSCHOOL OWNERSSCHOOL PERFORMANCESCHOOL PRINCIPALSSCHOOL SYSTEMSCHOOL YEARSCHOOL YEARSSCHOOLINGSCHOOLSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSSECONDARY STUDENTSSERVICE TRAININGSOCIAL COHESIONSPECIAL EDUCATIONSPECIAL NEEDSSTUDENT ACHIEVEMENTSTUDENT ENROLLMENTSTUDENT LEARNINGSTUDENT LEAVESSTUDENT OUTCOMESSTUDENT PERFORMANCESTUDENT POPULATIONSTUDENT-TEACHER RATIOSYMPOSIUMSTEACHERTEACHER CHARACTERISTICSTEACHER EDUCATIONTEACHER EFFECTIVENESSTEACHER QUALIFICATIONSTEACHER QUALITYTEACHER TRAININGTEACHER TRAINING INSTITUTESTEACHERSTEACHINGTEACHING FORCETEACHING QUALITYTERTIARY EDUCATIONTEST SCORESTRAINING INSTITUTESUNIVERSAL ACCESSUNIVERSAL ENROLLMENTUNIVERSAL PARTICIPATIONURBAN SCHOOLSWorld Bank10.1596/13250