Fasih, TazeenKingdon, GeetaPatrinos, Harry AnthonySakellariou, ChrisSoderbom, Mans2012-12-212012-12-212012-08https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12006Since the development of human capital theory, countless estimates of the economic benefits of investing in education for the individual have been published. While it is a universal fact that in all countries of the world the more education one has the higher his or her earnings, it is nevertheless important to know the empirical returns to schooling. However, simply knowing average returns is not useful in a world of heterogeneity. This paper finds increasing returns going from the lower to the higher end of the earnings distribution, but with some important differences across regions. The returns increase by quantile for Latin America. The returns decrease by quantile for most East Asian countries, producing an overall equalizing effect. India and Pakistan demonstrate opposite results. In Ghana, the returns across the distribution are flat, while for Kenya and Tanzania education is dis-equalizing.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTACADEMIC STANDARDSACCESS TO QUALITY EDUCATIONACCESS TO SCHOOLINGACHIEVEMENT LEVELBANK POLICYBASIC EDUCATIONCHILD EDUCATIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDUMMY VARIABLESECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMICS OF EDUCATIONEDUCATED WORKERSEDUCATION ECONOMICSEDUCATION FOR DEVELOPMENTEDUCATION INVESTMENTEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATION POLICYEDUCATION PROGRAMSEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL EXPANSIONEDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIESEDUCATIONAL POLICIESEFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONEQUAL OPPORTUNITIESEXAMSFEMALE SCHOOLINGFORMAL SCHOOLINGFUNCTIONAL LITERACYGENDER EQUITYHIGH SCHOOLHIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATION QUALIFICATIONSHIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATIONHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTIMPACT OF EDUCATIONINCOME INEQUALITYINSTRUMENTINTERNAL RATES OF RETURNINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERVENTIONSINVESTINGINVESTMENTS IN EDUCATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLACK OF COMPETITIONLEARNINGLEARNING OUTCOMESLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLOW LEVELS OF EDUCATIONMARKET RETURNSMARKET VALUESMICRO DATAMIDDLE SCHOOLMOBILITYOCCUPATIONSPAPERSPOST-PRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY LEVELPRIMARY LEVEL OF EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL COMPLETIONPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRIVATE SCHOOLSPRIVATE TUTORINGPUBLIC INVESTMENTQUALITY OF EDUCATIONQUALITY SCHOOLINGRATE OF RETURNRATES OF RETURNRATES OF RETURN TO EDUCATIONRETURNSRETURNS ON INVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONRETURNS TO EDUCATIONRURAL AREASSCHOOL ENROLLMENTSSCHOOL GRADUATESSCHOOL LEVELSCHOOL QUALITYSCHOOLINGSCHOOLSSEASONAL WORKSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLSECONDARY SCHOOLSSOCIAL BENEFITSSTUDENT ASSESSMENTSTARGET SCHOOLSTEACHERSTERTIARY EDUCATIONTEST SCORESTRADE UNIONSTUITIONUNEQUAL ACCESSUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONVOCATIONAL EDUCATIONWORK EXPERIENCEWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6170