Blue Ribbon Panel2014-01-282014-01-282013-10-16https://hdl.handle.net/10986/16635A healthy ocean is fundamental to human wellbeing and an indispensable part of the Earth's life-support system, which sustains the species and the ecosystems upon which we depend. The ocean regulates our climate and, as part of the hydrological cycle, drives weather patterns that determine rainfall, droughts, and floods. The ocean has also reduced the impact of human-induced climate change by absorbing 25 percent of the carbon dioxide released by human activities and over 90 percent of the extra heat trapped by rising concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases. The ocean also provides food and sustains livelihoods. The size and growth of the human population is putting unprecedented pressure on natural resources, both on land and in the sea. The ocean may play an increasing role in supplying those resources and will, in this regard, play a critical role in global efforts to reduce poverty and improve livelihoods. Comprehensive global estimates of the economic activity associated with the ocean have only recently been attempted and a published consensus estimate has not yet emerged. The global economic benefits derived from the ocean's goods and services are, however, undeniably important, especially for coastal states and island nations. The ocean generates hundreds of millions of jobs in biotechnology, energy, fishing, shipping, tourism, and other sectors. Most current economic assessments do not yet fully account for the innumerable non-market ecosystem services that can deeply influence well-being, traditions, cultures, faith, and recreation and enjoyment for many millions of people.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO INFORMATIONACIDIFICATIONADAPTIVE APPROACHESAGRICULTURAL LANDALGAEALGAL BLOOMSALLOCATION OF RESOURCESANIMAL PROTEINAQUACULTUREAQUATIC ORGANISMSATLANTIC FISHERIESATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDEATMOSPHERIC SCIENCESBARRIER REEFBIODIVERSITYBIOLOGISTSBIOMASSBIOPHYSICAL FACTORSCAPTURE FISHERIESCARBONCARBON DIOXIDECARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONSCARBON STORAGECLIMATE CHANGECO2COASTAL COMMUNITIESCOASTAL COMMUNITYCOASTAL DEVELOPMENTCOASTAL ECOSYSTEMSCOASTAL HABITATSCOASTAL OCEANCOASTAL RESOURCESCOASTAL STATESCOASTAL SYSTEMSCOASTAL WATERCOASTAL WATER QUALITYCOMMERCIAL FISHCOMMERCIAL FISH STOCKSCOMMON GOODCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECONSERVATION EFFORTSCONSERVATION OF NATURECORALCORAL BLEACHINGCORAL COVERCORAL REEFCORAL REEF MONITORINGCORAL REEFSCRITICAL HABITATCRITICAL HABITATSCRITICAL NATURAL HABITATSDEMONSTRATION PROJECTSECOLOGICAL CONDITIONSECOLOGICAL SYSTEMECOLOGICAL SYSTEMSECOLOGYECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INCENTIVESECONOMICSECONOMISTSECOSYSTEMECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENTECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONECOSYSTEM GOODSECOSYSTEM HEALTHECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL GOODSENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITYESTUARIESEUTROPHICATIONEXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONESFINANCIAL RESOURCESFISHFISH STOCKSFISHERIESFISHERIES MANAGEMENTFISHERIES MANAGEMENT AUTHORITYFISHERIES POLICYFISHERIES SCIENCEFISHERIES SECTORFISHERSFISHERYFISHINGFISHING EFFORTFISHING RIGHTSFLOW OF OCEAN CURRENTSFOOD PRODUCTIONFOOD SECURITYFOOD SUPPLYGLOBAL OCEANGLOBAL POLLUTIONGLOBAL SEAFOODGREENHOUSE GASESGROUNDFISHHABITATHABITAT DEGRADATIONHABITAT DESTRUCTIONHABITAT LOSSHABITAT PROTECTIONHABITATSHUMAN ACTIVITIESHUMAN PRESSUREHYDROGENIMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGEINTERNATIONAL TRADEIRREVERSIBLE CHANGEISLANDISLAND STATESLAND USELIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIESLIVELIHOODSLONG-TERM ECOLOGICAL RESEARCHMAJOR FISHERIESMANGROVESMARINE BIOLOGYMARINE COASTAL ECOSYSTEMSMARINE DEBRISMARINE ECOSYSTEMMARINE ECOSYSTEMSMARINE ENVIRONMENTMARINE FISHERIESMARINE LIFEMARINE PARKMARINE POLLUTIONMARINE RESEARCHMARINE RESOURCEMARINE RESOURCESMARINE SCIENCEMARKET DISTORTIONSMETHANEMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIESMINISTRY OF FISHERIESNATIONAL FISHERIESNATURAL CAPITALNATURAL ENVIRONMENTNATURAL RESOURCENATURAL RESOURCE ECONOMICSNATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENTNATURAL RESOURCESNATURENEGATIVE IMPACTSNURSERY AREASNUTRIENTNUTRIENTSOCEAN ECOSYSTEMSOCEAN HEALTHOCEAN MANAGEMENTOCEAN POLICYOCEAN RESOURCEOCEAN RESOURCESOCEAN SUSTAINABILITYOCEAN TEMPERATURESOCEANOGRAPHEROCEANOGRAPHYOCEANSOILOPEN ACCESSOVERFISHINGOXYGENOXYGEN LEVELSOYSTERPARTNERSHIPPERCENT OF STOCKSPHPOLICY INSTRUMENTSPOLICY MAKERSPOLLUTERSPOLLUTIONPOLLUTION REDUCTIONPOPULATION GROWTHPRESENT VALUEPUBLIC GOODPUBLIC GOODSQUOTASRECREATIONRECYCLINGREGIONAL ECOSYSTEMSREGIONAL FISHERIESREMOTE SENSINGRENEWABLE RESOURCESRESOURCE MANAGEMENTSCIENTIFIC EVIDENCESCIENTIFIC RESEARCHSEASEA GRASSSEA SURFACE TEMPERATURESSEAFOOD MARKETSSEAFOOD PRODUCTIONSECURITIESSMALL-SCALE FISHERIESSOCIAL COSTSSOUTHERN BLUEFIN TUNASPAWNINGSPECIESSTATE OF WORLD FISHERIESSTOCK ASSESSMENTSTORM SURGESURFACE TEMPERATURESSURFACE WATERSSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODSSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE USESUSTAINABLE USE OF RESOURCESTERRITORIAL USE RIGHTSTIDETIMBERTOURISMUNREPORTED FISHINGUPWELLING ECOSYSTEMSUSER RIGHTSVIABLE ECOSYSTEMSWATER POLLUTIONWATER QUALITYWEATHER PATTERNSWILDLIFEWORLD FISHERIESWORLD OCEANSWorld Bank10.1596/16635