World Bank2014-07-172014-07-172009-06-18https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18890The purpose of this Social Impact Analysis (SIA) is to probe the social, poverty, and equity dimensions of electricity and water sector reforms' and provide meaningful analysis to policy makers based on recently collected data. With a focus on households, the end users of utility services, the study complements the recent and ongoing studies on the Lebanon water and energy sectors that deal with more technical and supply side issues. The study assesses how poor and vulnerable households are affected by the current utility service situation and how they may be affected by reform proposals under deliberation. The aim is to provide policy makers with a deeper understanding of the social dimensions of water and electricity consumption as well as tools for estimating the distributional impacts of reform measures. This study followed the Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) approach, an increasingly common approach, used both within and outside the World Bank to evaluate the distributional impacts of policy reforms. Chapter two provides a review of household electricity supply and demand, private generation, tariffs, expenditures, and willingness to pay. It is followed by a discussion of the distributional impact of the tariff structure, including simulations of tariff scenarios for illustrative purposes. Chapter three reviews the water sector, public water supply, household connections, water quality issues, alternate water sources, tariffs, expenditures, and willingness to pay. Both chapters conclude with recommendations with an emphasis on social implications of key reforms that matters for households. Annexes cover methodology and a description of the private generator business in Lebanon.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYACCOUNTS PAYABLEAFFORDABILITYAPPROACHAVAILABILITYBACK UPBACK-UPBACKUPBASIC NEEDSBILL COLLECTIONCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCOLLECTION DATACOMMERCECOMMODITIESCONNECTED HOUSEHOLDSCONNECTION FEESCONTRACTUAL AGREEMENTSCORRUPTIONCOST OF ELECTRICITYCOST RECOVERYDEBTDEBT SERVICEDEMAND FOR ELECTRICITYDISTRIBUTION SYSTEMDRINKING WATERECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC REFORMELECTRICITYELECTRICITY BILLELECTRICITY BILLSELECTRICITY COMPANYELECTRICITY CONSUMERSELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY COSTSELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY GENERATORSELECTRICITY MARKETELECTRICITY NETWORKELECTRICITY PAYMENTSELECTRICITY PRICEELECTRICITY PRICESELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONELECTRICITY SECTORELECTRICITY SECTOR REFORMELECTRICITY SERVICEELECTRICITY SHAREELECTRICITY SUPPLYELECTRICITY TARIFFELECTRICITY TARIFFSELECTRIFICATIONEMPLOYEEEND USERSENERGY DEMANDENERGY PRICINGENERGY SOURCESENFORCEMENT MECHANISMEXPENDITUREEXPENDITURESEXTREME POVERTYFAMILIESFINANCIAL BURDENFINANCIAL COSTFISCAL DEFICITFIXED COSTFIXED COSTSFIXED FEEFIXED MONTHLY FEEFIXED TARIFFFUELFUEL COSTFUEL COSTSFUEL PRICESGASOLINEGENERATIONGENERATORSGREY ECONOMYHANDICRAFTHEATHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONSHOUSEHOLD ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHUMAN RESOURCESINCOME GROUPSINEQUALITYINTERNATIONAL BANKLEGAL FRAMEWORKLIMITED INFRASTRUCTURELOW-INCOME CONSUMERSLOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDSMARGINAL COSTMENUMUNICIPALITIESNATURAL GASNETWORK SYSTEMNEW TECHNOLOGYOILOIL PRICEPERFORMANCE INDICATORSPOLICY DESIGNPOLLUTIONPOWERPOWER GENERATIONPOWER GENERATION CAPACITYPOWER PLANTSPRIVATE OPERATORSPRIVATE SECTORPROCUREMENTPROFIT MARGINSPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC FINANCESPUBLIC NETWORKPUBLIC UTILITYPUBLIC WATERQUALITY WATERREGIONAL WATER AUTHORITIESRELIABILITYRESIDENTIAL CONSUMERSRESULTRESULTSSAFETY NETSAVINGSSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE IMPROVEMENTSSERVICE PROVISIONSMALL BUSINESSSMALL BUSINESSESSOLAR ENERGYSOLAR WATER HEATINGSUPERVISIONTARIFF LEVELSTARIFF POLICYTARIFF RATESTARIFF REFORMTARIFF STRUCTURETECHNICAL STAFFTECHNICAL STANDARDSTELEVISIONTOWNTRANSMISSIONUSESUTILITIESUTILITY MARKETUTILITY SERVICESVOLTAGEVULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDSWATER COMPANIESWATER CONSUMPTIONWATER HEATINGWATER INFRASTRUCTUREWATER NETWORKSWATER QUALITYWATER RESOURCESWATER SECTORWATER SERVICEWATER SOURCESWATER SUPPLYWATER SUPPLY SERVICEWATER TARIFFSWELFARE BENEFITWELLS10.1596/18890