World Bank2013-02-272013-02-272008-11https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12537This synthesis paper describes the HIV epidemics in 15 West African countries - Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. It focuses particularly on the degree to which the epidemics in each country are concentrated or generalized, and the implications for effective prevention. The urgent need for rigorous analytic work to equip countries with a sound, situation-specific analytical base for action motivated this study. The analysis team critically reviewed and interpreted all available surveillance, survey and research data (the amount and quality of which varied considerably by country). For the first ten countries listed, short country visits enabled interviews and more thorough search for data and other information, and the programmatic response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic was also assessed to develop recommendations for improving resource allocation and program effectiveness.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO SERVICESACCESS TO TREATMENTACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMEAGEDAIDS CAMPAIGNAIDS CASEAIDS CASE REPORTSAIDS DEATHSAIDS PROGRAMSAIDS RELIEFAIDS TREATMENTALLOCATION OF RESOURCESANAL SEXANTENATAL CAREBEHAVIOUR CHANGEBEHAVIOUR PATTERNSBEHAVIOURAL CHANGEBEHAVIOURAL FACTORSBEHAVIOURAL INDICATORSBISEXUAL MENBOTH SEXESBROTHELSCHLAMYDIACLINICSCOMMERCIAL SEXCOMMERCIAL SEX WORKCONDOMCONDOM USECONDOMSCONSISTENT CONDOM USECOUNSELLINGCULTURAL CUSTOMSDIAGNOSESDIFFUSION OF INFORMATIONDISCRIMINATORY LAWSDISEASEDRUG INJECTINGDRUG INJECTORSEFFECTIVE PREVENTIONEMERGENCY PLANEPIDEMICEPIDEMICSEPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATAEPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATIONEPIDEMIOLOGYEXTRAMARITAL SEXFAMILIESFEMALEFEMALE PARTNERSFEMALE SEX PARTNERSFEMALE SEX WORKERSFIRST MARRIAGEFIRST SEXGENDERGENITAL HERPESGENITAL ULCERSGLOBAL HIV/AIDSGONORRHEAGONORRHOEAHEALTH PROMOTIONHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SURVEYSHEALTH SYSTEMSHERPES SIMPLEXHERPES SIMPLEX VIRUSHETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSIONHIGH RISK BEHAVIOURHIGH RISK BEHAVIOURSHIGH RISK GROUPSHIVHIV INFECTIONHIV INFECTIONSHIV PREVENTIONHIV TESTINGHIV TRANSMISSIONHOMOSEXUAL MENHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSHUSBANDSHYGIENEIMMUNE DEFICIENCYIMMUNODEFICIENCYINFECTIONS IN WOMENINFECTIOUS DISEASESINJECTION DRUGINJECTION DRUG USEINJECTION DRUG USERSLACK OF CONDOM USELARGE CITIESLEVELS OF CONDOM USELOW PREVALENCEMALARIAMALE CIRCUMCISIONMALE CLIENTMALE CLIENTSMALE PARTNERSMALE SEXMALESMARITAL STATUSMIGRATIONMINORITYMORTALITYMORTALITY RATEMOTHERMOTHER-TO-CHILDMOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSIONMULTIPLE PARTNERSNATIONAL AIDSNATIONAL AIDS CONTROLNATIONAL AIDS COUNCILSNATIONAL LEVELNATIONAL POPULATIONNEEDLE SHARINGNEW INFECTIONSNUMBER OF PEOPLEOLDER AGE GROUPSPARTNER REDUCTIONPEER EDUCATORSPEOPLE WITH AIDSPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONPOLICY RESPONSEPOLITICAL INSTABILITYPOPULATION MONITORINGPOPULATION STUDIESPOST-TEST COUNSELLINGPOTENTIAL CONTRIBUTIONPREGNANT WOMENPREVALENCE RATESPREVALENT INFECTIONSPREVENTION ACTIVITIESPREVENTION EFFORTSPREVENTION OF MOTHERPREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSIONPROSTITUTIONPUBLIC HEALTHRATES OF CONDOM USERESOURCE ALLOCATIONRESOURCE LIMITATIONSRESOURCE NEEDSRESPECTRESPONSE TO AIDSRESTAURANTSRISK BEHAVIOURRISK FACTORSRISK OF INFECTIONRISK OF TRANSMISSIONRISK POPULATIONSRISKY BEHAVIOURRISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOURROOMSRURAL AREASSAFE SEXSAFER SEXSERIOUS EPIDEMICSEXSEX PARTNERSSEX PRACTICESSEX TRADESEX WITH MENSEX WORKSEX WORKERSEX WORKERSSEXUAL ACTIVITYSEXUAL BEHAVIOURSEXUAL BEHAVIOUR DATASEXUAL BEHAVIOURSSEXUAL CONTACTSEXUAL INTERCOURSESEXUAL NETWORKINGSEXUAL PARTNERSEXUAL PARTNERSSEXUAL RISKSEXUAL RISK BEHAVIOURSEXUAL TRANSMISSIONSEXUALLY ACTIVESEXUALLY ACTIVE GIRLSSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONSEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONSSOCIETAL LEVELSTISSTRATEGIC PRIORITIESSURVEILLANCE DATASYMPTOMSTHERAPYTRANSMISSION RATESTREATMENT SERVICESTROPICAL MEDICINETUBERCULOSISUNAIDSUNFPAUNINFECTED PARTNERUNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUNDUNIVERSAL ACCESSUNPROTECTED INTERCOURSEURBAN AREASURETHRITISVAGINAL DISCHARGEVIOLENCEVIRAL LOADVIRAL LOADSVOLUNTARY COUNSELINGVOLUNTARY COUNSELLINGVULNERABILITYVULNERABLE POPULATIONSWARWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONYOUNG AGEYOUNG PEOPLEYOUNG WOMENYOUTHYOUTHSWorld Bank10.1596/12537