Evans, David K.Kosec, Katrina2013-04-112013-04-112012-05-29978-0-8213-8931-710.1596/978-0-8213-8931-7https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13144This report draws deeply on the extraordinary efforts and innovations demonstrated by early child development policy makers around Brazil. This report draws on background papers about innovations in early child education in Rio de Janeiro and in caregiver training and supervision in two municipalities within Sao Paulo state. The year 2011 marked the beginning of a new administration in Brazil. The Ministry of education clearly identified early child education (ECE) as one of the top priorities of the new administration, along with secondary school and improving the reputation of the teaching profession. Early child development interventions are essential to both increasing the productivity of Brazil as a whole and to providing equitable opportunities for the disadvantaged. These programs benefit the poor more than other populations, and the poor are most in need of these benefits. Education interventions are crucial. Creches and preschools provide opportunities for stimulation and development that can wire children for future success. Therefore, early child education can particularly benefit the poor, helping to close the gap in cognitive development across income groups. A World Bank study compares adults from two regions of Brazil (the Northeast and the Southeast) who attended preschool to those who did not and found that pre-school attendance is associated with additional total years of education.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOacademic performanceaccess to educationadolescentsadultsassessment instrumentsAverage number of studentsAverage number of students per classroomBasic Educationbehavioral developmentbirth registrationbirthscaregiver trainingcaregiversChild Carechild care centerschild care programschild development centerschild development programsChild Educationchild growthChild healthChild health outcomeschild malnutritionchild mortalitychild nutritionchild outcomeschild protectionchild safetychild serviceschild welfareclass sizeclass sizesclassroomCognitive developmentcognitive outcomescognitive skillscognitive stimulationcommitment to educationcompulsory educationcrimecurriculacurricular guidelinesCurriculumdisabled childrendropout ratesearly child careEarly Child Developmentearly child development programsEarly Child EducationEarly ChildhoodEarly Childhood DevelopmentEarly Childhood Environment Rating Scaleearly educationECDECERSeducation establishmentseducation expenditureseducation financeeducation for alleducation infrastructureeducation of childreneducation opportunitieseducation policyeducation programseducation serviceseducation spendingeducation systemeducation systemseducatorsElementary Educationemotional developmentEnrollmentenrollment rateenrollment ratesexamformal educationfree playFundamental EducationgendergirlsHead Starthealth careheight for agehigh schoolhigher levels of educationhome visitinghome visitsHomeless Childrenhygieneilliterate householdsilliterate parentsinfant mortalityinterventionsJuvenile arrestsKnowledge Sharinglearninglegal statuslesson plansLevel of educationliteracyliteracy testsmental developmentmortality ratesNational Association for the Education of Young ChildrenNational EducationNational Education CouncilNutritionnutrition monitoringNutrition programsnutritional supplementsolder childrenparental educationparityphysical developmentphysical infrastructurepoor childrenPre-school Educationpre-school programspreschool programpreschool teacherspreschoolsprimary schoolprimary school outcomesprivate partnershipsprivate schoolsproductivityprograms for childrenpublic institutionspublic schoolsquality preschoolQuality standardsreadingrights to educationrural areasrural childrensanitationschool aged childrenschool buildingschool careerschool coverageschool dropoutschool Enrollmentschool entryschool financeSchool infrastructureschool institutionsschool levelschool programschool qualityschool studentsschool yearschoolingschoolssecondary schoolService Trainingservices for childrenskill developmentsocial developmentsocial protectionsocial skillssocial welfarespecial needsState Educationstudent outcomesstudent performancestunted childrenstuntingsupply of schoolsTeacherTeacher DevelopmentTeacher qualificationsteacher trainingteachersteachingtraining programsuniversal coverageuniversal enrollmentvulnerable childrenYouthWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-8931-7