Lavelle, Kathryn C.2013-04-112013-04-112013-03https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13147The World Bank's president has been an American by tradition. Yet little work has explored the consequences for this connection in influencing visions of development in the organization across time. This paper uses evidence from archives, congressional hearing records, and memoirs and histories of World Bank presidents to investigate United States-World Bank relations and development policy during four presidencies--Eugene Meyer, Eugene Black, Robert McNamara, and James Wolfensohn. The author argues that at times the political arrangements had the effect of pushing the Bank toward greater institutional independence from the United States, particularly when partisanship in American politics rose and new United States presidential administrations came into office with the World Bank president's term holding over from before. At other times, United States-World Bank connections pulled the Bank into foreign policy issues in the United States that the Bank might not otherwise have addressed when advocates pressed their case on Capitol Hill.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CAPITALACCESS TO CREDITALLIANCESAPPOINTEESASSETSAUTONOMYBANK LOANSBANK OF CANADABANK OFFICIALSBANKING SECTORBOARD MEMBERBOARD MEMBERSCAPITAL FLOWSCAPITAL MARKETSCEOCIVIL SERVANTCOLLECTIVECOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMPANYCORRUPTIONCREDITWORTHINESSDEBTDEVELOPMENT BANKSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC POLICYEMERGENCY COMMITTEEEMERGING MARKETSENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONEXECUTIVE AGREEMENTSFAMINEFEDERAL RESERVEFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL SERVICESFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCIAL SYSTEMSFINANCIAL TRANSACTIONSFOREIGN AFFAIRSFOREIGN CURRENCYFOREIGN RELATIONSFREE PRESSGLOBAL GOVERNANCEGOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTSHUMAN RIGHTSINDIVIDUALSINEQUALITYINFORMATION MANAGEMENTINITIATIVEINSURANCEINSURANCE COMPANIESINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL LAWINVESTMENT BANKINGISOLATIONISMJUDICIAL SYSTEMSJUSTICELEADERSHIPLEGISLATIONLENDING POLICIESLIMITEDLOANLOAN CONDITIONSMIGRATIONMULTILATERALISMMUNICIPAL BONDSNARROW BANKINGNATIONAL BANKNEGOTIATIONSNON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSPARTNERSHIPPENSION FUNDSPOLITICAL PARTIESPOLITICAL PARTYPRIVATE BANKSPRIVATE ENTERPRISEPRIVATE INVESTORSPROCUREMENTPROTéGéSAFETYSAFETY NETSANCTIONSAVINGSSAVINGS BANKSSCHOLARSHIPSECURITIESSHAREHOLDERSOCIAL WELFARESOCIETYSOURCES OF FINANCESTAKEHOLDERSTECHNICAL ASSISTANCEUNIVERSITIESWARWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6377