World Bank2015-01-062015-01-062013-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/21097Pollution management is at the top of the development agenda of Bolivia, and this program helps address it in a cross-sectoral manner. In the context of the implementation of the program environmental management in Bolivia: innovations and opportunities which was conducted from September 2010 until October 2012, the World Bank has implemented a technical assistance program and supported a multisectoral analysis in order to help the Bolivian government improve environmental management in four specific areas: (a) water resource pollution by mining and mitigation of the pollution; (b) evaluation of potential wastewater reuse in agriculture with case studies from Cochabamba and Tarija; (c) improvement of waste management; and (d) evaluation of health benefits through adequate water supply and basic sanitation. The program s overall objective is to help strengthen environmental management in critical areas of the pollution management agenda. This report summarizes the outcomes of the pillar of the program on analytical services and is divided into five chapters: (1) improved water supply, sanitation, and hygiene: health impacts; (2) innovation in solid waste management: options for the future; (3) reuse of wastewater to mitigate water scarcity: case studies in Cochabamba and Tarija; (4) cooperative gold mining: dynamics and challenges in a rapidly growing sector; and (5) mining and water: the benefits of integrated water resource management at the watershed level. In every instance, the focus has been on identifying the windows of opportunity for policy action and investment in what is an often complex social and economic setting. The findings and recommendations carried out as part of the program have been consulted upon with a broad range of stakeholders in Bolivia through the series of workshops on each of the topics, and the recommendations presented in this report are limited to a range of options that are feasible and yet innovative in the current context, hence the reference in the title of this report to innovations and opportunities.La gestión de la contaminación es una prioridad de los planes de desarrollo de Bolivia. El Banco Mundial ha implementado un programa de asistencia técnica y soporte analítico multisectorial apoyando al gobierno de Bolivia a mejorar la gestión ambiental en cuatro áreas específicas: la contaminación del recurso hídrico debido a la minería y mitigación de la contaminación; evaluación de la posibilidad de reutilizar aguas residuales en la agricultura, con estudios de caso en Cochabamba y Tarija; fortalecimiento de la gestión de residuos sólidos; y evaluación de los beneficios para la salud que tendría el acceso a agua potable y a saneamiento básico adecuados. El objetivo general del programa es contribuir a fortalecer la gestión ambiental en ámbitos críticos del plan de gestión de la contaminación. El programa se dirige a organismos gubernamentales y no gubernamentales de Bolivia, al mundo académico y a la comunidad de donantes. El agua, el cambio climático y la salud humana son temas transversales en las cuatro áreas del programa y los aborda en cada uno de los capítulos del informe.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO SAFE WATERACCESS TO WATER SUPPLYADEQUATE SANITATIONADEQUATE WATERADEQUATE WATER SUPPLYAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL USESAIR POLLUTIONARABLE LANDBASIC SANITATIONBASIC WATER SUPPLYBASINSBENEFIT ANALYSISBIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMANDBODBOREHOLESBROAD RANGECATCHMENTCHILD HEALTHCHILD MORTALITYCHILD MORTALITY RATECHLORINATINGCLEAN TECHNOLOGYCLIMATE CHANGECODCOMPOSTINGCOMPOSTING TOILETSCONSUMPTION PATTERNSCROP IRRIGATIONCUBIC METERSDEFORESTATIONDISINFECTIONDOMESTIC WASTEWATERDRAINAGEDRAINAGE NETWORKDRINKING WATERDRINKING WATER SUPPLYECOLOGICAL CONDITIONSECONOMETRIC ESTIMATESECONOMETRICSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTEFFLUENTSENERGY RESOURCESENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICSENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATIONENVIRONMENTAL ISSUESENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTAL QUALITYENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONSENVIRONMENTSEXCRETAEXCRETA DISPOSALEXPENDITURESEXTERNALITIESFERTILIZERSFILTERSFLUSH TOILETSGARBAGEGOLD MININGHEAVY METALSHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONHOUSEHOLDSINTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTINVESTMENT PROGRAMIRRIGATIONLAND USELOCAL STAKEHOLDERSMERCURYMERCURY POLLUTIONMINESMINING OPERATIONSMORTALITY RATEMORTALITY RATESMUNICIPALITIESNATURAL RESOURCESNUTRIENTSOPERATIONAL COSTSOPERATIONAL MANAGEMENTOXYGENPATHOGENSPIT LATRINESPOLICY MAKERSPOLLUTIONPONDPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION DISTRIBUTIONPOPULATION GROWTHPOTABLE WATERPOTABLE WATER SUPPLYPRESENT VALUEPRODUCERSPRODUCTION PATTERNSPRODUCTION PROCESSPROTECTED AREASPROTECTED SPRINGSQUALITY OF WATERQUALITY WATERRAINWATERRESERVOIRSRESOURCE MANAGEMENTRISK MANAGEMENTRIVER CATCHMENTSRIVERSRUNOFFSANITARY LANDFILLSSANITATION FACILITIESSANITATION SECTORSANITATION SERVICESANITATION SERVICESSANITATION WATERSANITATION WATER SUPPLYSEDIMENTATIONSEPTIC TANKSEPTIC TANKSSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE FEESERVICE PROVISIONSERVICE QUALITYSEWERAGESEWERAGE SERVICESSMALL TOWNSSOIL EROSIONSOLID WASTESOLID WASTE MANAGEMENTSTABILIZATIONSTANDPIPESSURFACE WATERSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE USETREATED WASTEWATERTREATMENT TECHNIQUESTREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESURBAN AREASURBAN SANITATIONWASTE COLLECTIONWASTE MANAGEMENTWASTE PRODUCTIONWASTEWATERWASTEWATER MANAGEMENTWASTEWATER REUSEWASTEWATER TREATMENTWASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTWASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTSWATER CONTAMINATIONWATER POLLUTIONWATER RESOURCEWATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENTWATER RESOURCESWATER SCARCITYWATER SERVICEWATER SOURCEWATER SOURCESWATER SUPPLIESWATER SUPPLYWATERSHED MANAGEMENTWATERSHEDSWELLSWETLANDS10.1596/21097