Independent Evaluation Group2016-04-252016-04-252013-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/24131The World Bank’s efforts to combat avian influenza and help countries to build capacity to prevent and mitigate pandemics offers a useful example in understanding how the agency can contribute to the provision of global public goods. This review aims to inform the provision of these goods by offering lessons from evaluation of the avian influenza experience. The experience also offers an example of the Bank playing a key role in the international response to an unfolding international crisis in a technical area with which it was largely unfamiliar. And provides a case study on how the Bank struggles to work effectively across sectors, both within the institution itself and in the client countries it operates in. The report aims to inform the design of any future avian influenza and zoonotic disease and pandemic preparedness interventions, and also to discuss the wider strategic lessons from the intervention that are relevant to programs responding to emergencies, providing global public goods, or cooperating with external technical agencies. The report also aims to assess the current state of the pandemic preparedness agenda, and to provide guidance on possible ways forward. The report also draws on additional interviews with Bank staff and international agency staff, on World Bank project and program documentation and reports, on the wider literature on avian influenza, and on other documents.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOINFLUENZA INFECTIONSTRAINS OF INFLUENZADISEASE CONTAINMENTVETERINARY SERVICESHEALTH PLANNINGLABORATORY FACILITIESVACCINATIONAVIAN FLUPROTEINCOMMERCIAL POULTRY PRODUCTIONVETERINARY AGENCIESSAMPLE COLLECTIONANTIVIRALDEATHANIMAL HEALTH ISSUESDISEASE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMSVETERINARY AGENCYDISEASE REPORTINGAVIAN INFLUENZA PROJECTHEALTH EMERGENCIESCOMMUNICATION MATERIALSHOSPITALANIMAL HEALTHAVIAN INFLUENZA RESPONSEACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROMEHANDLINGINFLUENZA SURVEILLANCEPREPAREDNESS ACTIVITIESPANDEMIC THREATLABORATORY WASTESECTORAL STRATEGYZOONOTIC DISEASESANIMAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCEDISEASE EMERGENCIESCHICKENSHUMAN INFLUENZARESPONSE PLANSLABORATORIESDISEASE RISKSANTIVIRAL DRUGSANIMAL DEATHINFECTIOUS DISEASE EMERGENCIESBIRDFARMERSLIVE BIRDEPIDEMICSRESPIRATORY DISEASEBIRD POPULATIONSDISEASE OUTBREAKSOUTBREAKS OF AVIAN INFLUENZAPANDEMIC STRAINPATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZAHUMAN PANDEMICDISASTER RISK MANAGEMENTAVIAN INFLUENZA INFECTIONPANDEMIC RESPONSEWILD BIRDSAVIAN INFLUENZA OUTBREAKSCONFIRMED HUMAN CASESTRADE IN LIVESTOCKHPAIHOSTSPANDEMIC PREPAREDNESSEMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASESISOLATION WARDSSMALLHOLDER FARMERSLIVESTOCK SECTORSANIMAL HEALTH SPECIALISTSWILD BIRD MIGRATIONLIVESTOCK SPECIALISTSINFECTION IN HUMANSHEALTH SURVEILLANCEPOULTRY DENSITYBURDEN OF DISEASEBORDER CONTROLANIMAL HEALTH AGENCIESANIMAL HEALTH COMPONENTSFOOD SAFETYRESPONSE CAPACITYDISEASE IN BIRDSANIMAL DISEASE OUTBREAKSSITES FOR DISPOSALFEEDDISEASE RISKINDUSTRIAL POULTRY PRODUCTIONDISINFECTANTLABORATORYM&EVACCINEHEALTH INTERVENTIONSRISK ASSESSMENTSHUMAN CASES OF AVIAN INFLUENZABIOSECURITYENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDSPOULTRYPOULTRY VACCINATIONDIAGNOSISWILD BIRD POPULATIONSBIRDSDEATHSINFLUENZA PANDEMICSICK BIRDSAGRICULTURE MINISTRYCULLEDINFLUENZA EMERGENCYAVIAN INFLUENZA CONTROLHEMORRHAGIC FEVERPOULTRY FARMSMONITORING AND EVALUATIONOUTBREAKSINFLUENZA PLANSAVIAN INFLUENZA EMERGENCYAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONDISEASED BIRDSPUBLIC HEALTHINFLUENZA PANDEMICSINFECTIOUS DISEASESTRAINTYPES OF BIRDSEMERGENCY INTERVENTIONSINFLUENZA RESPONSEMOVEMENT OF BIRDSPANDEMICSECTORAL STRATEGIESCONTAINMENTANIMAL DISEASESRESPONSE PLANNINGAIR TRAVELPOULTRY SECTORINFECTIOUS DISEASESWORST CASE SCENARIOSLABORATORY EQUIPMENTLIVE BIRD MARKETSDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMSMIGRATIONANIMAL DEATHSANIMAL DISEASEBACKYARD FARMERSZOONOTIC DISEASEPERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTLIVESTOCK PRODUCERSLIVESTOCKDISEASE SPREADOUTBREAKEMERGENCY SUPPLIESREAGENTSCOMMERCIAL FARMSPOULTRY PRODUCTIONDISEASE PREVENTIONDIAGNOSTIC TESTSAVIAN INFLUENZA PROJECTSHUMAN INFECTIONSPOULTRY SECTORSMUTATIONSFOOD SECURITYLIVESTOCK SECTORBACKYARD POULTRY SYSTEMSINFLUENZADOMESTIC POULTRYHUMAN HEALTH OUTCOMESPANDEMICSSURVEILLANCEINFECTION OF HUMANSDISEASE MANAGEMENTANIMAL HEALTH SYSTEMSEMERGENCY RECOVERYVIROLOGYAVIAN INFLUENZA CRISISSWINEBIRD MIGRATIONWILD BIRDH5EvaluationWorld Bank10.1596/24131