Sande Lie, Geir SølveBredenkamp, CarynBrenzel, Logan2013-05-292013-05-292010-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13599This rapid assessment examines the effect of Mongolia's economic crisis on government health budgets and health expenditure, household out-of-pocket spending and donor health commitments. This study was part of a larger assessment conducted in four countries on the effects of the economic crisis on health spending. A standardized approach was developed for all country case studies and consisted of a desk review of internationally-available literature and databases, extensive in-country review of data and documents available in government and donor offices, and semi-structured interviews with government staff, health providers and development partners. This assessment in Mongolia reveals a substantial reduction in the government health budget: the 2009 national health budget was significantly lower than the previous year's, and then was further reduced by 10 percent in a subsequent budget amendment. At national level, budget cuts were concentrated in investment line items. Among recurrent line items, the pharmaceutical budget was hardhit, but salaries were largely preserved, and there were no retrenchments. Similar patterns were observed at sub-national level for hospital budgets, which depend on the central allocations, but not for primary care facilities, which are funded on a capitation basis. Compared to other sectors, the health sector was relatively protected during the economic crisis and the share of health in the total government budget was higher after the budget amendment than before. To protect households from the effects of the economic crisis on health spending, the government undertook specific policy measures to expand health insurance coverage to vulnerable groups. Donor commitments to the health sector during the crisis largely tracked previously planned commitments.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOAMBULATORY CAREARTICLEBEDDINGBEDSBUDGET ALLOCATIONBUDGET ALLOCATIONSBUDGET DATABUDGET DEFICITBUDGET SAVINGSBUDGETARY ALLOCATIONBUDGETARY ALLOCATIONSBUDGETARY PRESSURESCAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURECAPITAL EXPENSESCAPITAL INVESTMENTCAPITAL PROJECTSCAPITATIONCATEGORIES OF EXPENDITURECENTRAL ALLOCATIONCENTRAL BUDGETCHILD HEALTHCLINICAL SERVICESCOMMODITY PRICESCOMMON COLDCOMMUNICABLE DISEASESCOST CONTROLCURRENCY DEVALUATIONDATA COLLECTIONDEBTDECISION-MAKINGDEGREE OF COST-SHARINGDEMAND FOR HEALTHDEMAND FOR HEALTH SERVICESDOCTORSDOMESTIC INVESTMENTDONOR AGENCIESDONOR ASSISTANCEDONOR FINANCINGDONOR FUNDINGDRUG CONSUMPTIONECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC POLICIESECONOMIC SHOCKSEQUITY OBJECTIVESEXCHANGE RATEEXPENDITURE DATAEXPENDITURESEXTERNAL FINANCINGFINANCIAL CRISESFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL IMPACTFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL PRESSUREFINANCIAL PROTECTIONFINANCIAL SUPPORTFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCING OF HEALTH CAREFISCAL CAPACITYFISCAL CONTRACTIONFISCAL DEFICITFISCAL POSITIONFISCAL PRESSURESFIXED COSTSFLAT RATEFOREIGN TRADEGOVERNMENT BUDGETGOVERNMENT BUDGETINGGOVERNMENT BUDGETSGOVERNMENT EXPENDITUREGOVERNMENT REVENUESGOVERNMENT SPENDINGHEALTH BUDGETSHEALTH CARE CENTERSHEALTH CARE DELIVERYHEALTH CARE DEMANDHEALTH CARE EXPENDITUREHEALTH CARE FACILITIESHEALTH CARE FINANCINGHEALTH CARE NEEDSHEALTH CARE REFORMHEALTH CARE SPENDINGHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CARE UTILIZATIONHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH ECONOMICSHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITAHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FINANCINGHEALTH INFORMATIONHEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH INSURANCE CONTRIBUTIONSHEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGEHEALTH INSURANCE FUNDHEALTH INSURANCE FUNDSHEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMEHEALTH MANAGEMENTHEALTH ORGANIZATIONHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PROJECTHEALTH PROVIDERSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICEHEALTH SERVICE DELIVERYHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SERVICES RESEARCHHEALTH SPENDINGHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEM STRENGTHENINGHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTH SYSTEMS IN TRANSITIONHEALTH SYSTEMS STRENGTHENINGHEALTH WORKERSHEALTH WORKFORCEHIGH BLOOD PRESSUREHIV/AIDSHOSPITAL BEDSHOSPITAL BUDGETSHOSPITAL CAREHOSPITAL SECTORHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITUREHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCESILLNESSIMMUNIZATIONINCOMEINCOME COUNTRIESINCOME EFFECTINFANT MORTALITYINFANTSINFLATIONINFLUENZAINFORMAL PAYMENTSINFORMAL SECTORINFORMAL SECTOR WORKERSINPATIENT CAREINSURANCE PREMIUMSINVESTMENT EXPENDITUREKEY FISCAL INDICATORSMEDICAL SPECIALISTSMEDICAL SUPPLIESMEDICINESMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMINISTRY OF FINANCEMINISTRY REPRESENTATIVESMORTALITYNATIONAL BUDGETNATIONAL BUDGETSNATIONAL HEALTHNATIONAL HEALTH EXPENDITURENATURAL DISASTERNEEDS ASSESSMENTNUTRITIONOPERATING EXPENSESORAL HEALTHOUTPATIENT CAREOUTPATIENT SERVICESPATIENTSPAYMENT SYSTEMPERFORMANCE CRITERIAPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIESPHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURESPHARMACYPOVERTY IMPACTPREGNANT WOMENPRIMARY CAREPRIMARY HEALTH CAREPRIVATE CONSUMPTIONPRIVATE HOSPITALSPRIVATE PHARMACIESPRIVATE SECTORPROGRAMSPROVIDER PAYMENTPSYCHOLOGYPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEWPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SECTOR DEBTQUANTITATIVE DATAREHABILITATIONREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHRESEARCH PROJECTSRESOURCE ALLOCATIONSAFETY NETSSECTOR BUDGETSERVICE PROVISIONSIZE OF GOVERNMENTSKIN DISEASESSOCIAL HEALTH INSURANCESOCIAL INSURANCESOCIAL PROTECTIONSOCIAL SAFETY NETSSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL WELFARESTATE BUDGETTOTAL EXPENDITURETOTAL PUBLIC SECTORTRANSFER PAYMENTSTUBERCULOSISUNEMPLOYMENTWAGE INCOMEWASTEWORKERSWorld Bank10.1596/13599