Chen, ShaohuaRavallion, Martin2014-05-092014-05-092003-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/18204The authors use China's national household surveys for rural and urban areas to measure and explain the welfare impacts of the changes in goods and factor prices attributed to WTO accession. Price changes are estimated separately using a general equilibrium model to capture both direct and indirect effects of the initial tariff changes. The welfare impacts are first-order approximations based on a household model incorporating own-production activities and are calibrated to the household-level data imposing minimum aggregation. The authors find negligible impacts on inequality and poverty in the aggregate. However, diverse impacts emerge across household types and regions associated with heterogeneity in consumption behavior and income sources, with possible implications for compensatory policy responses.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOHOUSEHOLD WELFARE INDICATORSWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONFACTOR PRICESHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONINCOME SOURCESSOCIAL WELFARETRADE REGIME ADVERSE IMPACTSAGGREGATE INEQUALITYAGRICULTURECOMMODITIESCOMPARATIVE ECONOMICSCOMPETITIVE MARKETCONSUMPTION GROWTHCOUNTRY PERFORMANCECOUNTRY REGRESSIONSCROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISONSCROSS-COUNTRY DATADATA SETDATA SETSDEMOGRAPHICSDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT ISSUESDEVELOPMENT RESEARCHDISPOSABLE INCOMEDISTRIBUTIONAL CHANGESDISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTSDISTRIBUTIONAL IMPACTECONOMETRICSECONOMIC ASSUMPTIONSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GEOGRAPHYECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC REFORMSECONOMIC REVIEWENVELOPE PROPERTYEQUILIBRIUMEQUILIBRIUM ANALYSESEXPENDITURESEXPLANATORY VARIABLESFINANCIAL SECTORFOOD ITEMSFOREIGN TRADEFUTURE RESEARCHGDPGDP PER CAPITAGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSISGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELGEOGRAPHIC AREAHEADCOUNT INDEXHEALTH CAREHOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD LEVELHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHOUSEHOLD WELFAREIMPORTSINCOMEINCOMEINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME DISTRIBUTIONSINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME RISESINCOME SOURCEINCOME SOURCESINCOMESINCREASING INEQUALITYINEQUALITYINVOLUNTARY UNEMPLOYMENTLABOR SUPPLYLAND USELIVING INDEXLIVING STANDARDSMARGINAL UTILITYMEAN INCOMEMEASURED INEQUALITYMEASURING WELFAREMEDIAN INCOMEMETALSPER CAPITA INCOMEPOLICY ANALYSISPOLICY CHANGEPOLICY CHANGESPOLICY REFORMPOLICY REFORMSPOLICY RESEARCHPOOR AREASPOOR COUNTRIESPOPULATION SHAREPOVERTY DYNAMICSPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY RATEPRICE CHANGESPRICE VECTORPRODUCTION FUNCTIONPRODUCTION INPUTSPRODUCTIVITYPROFIT FUNCTIONSPROPORTIONATE CHANGESREAL INCOMERELATIVE PRICERELATIVE PRICESRELATIVE WAGESRICH COUNTRIESRURAL AREASRURAL HOUSEHOLDSSAVINGSSECTOR EMPLOYMENTSIZABLE REDISTRIBUTIONSKILLED LABORTAX RATESTIME SERIESTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE REFORMSURBAN AREASURBAN HOUSEHOLDSUTILITY FUNCTIONWAGE RATESWAGESWEALTHWELFARE EFFECTSWELFARE GAINSWELFARE INDICATORWHOLESALE PRICESWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWTOTRADE REGIMEADVERSE IMPACTS10.1596/1813-9450-3040