Amin, MohammadMattoo, Aaditya2012-06-052012-06-052007-03https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7163The paper analyzes migration from Zambia in order to understand how migration policy can support development in the least developed countries. Overall emigration from Zambia is not high by regional standards, but the pattern of migration is skewed toward the skilled and away from the unskilled. A development-friendly approach to migration for Zambia would strive to ensure the temporariness of both types of movement. First, industrial countries may be willing to accept a higher level of unskilled immigration if they could be certain that it is temporary. Second, any adverse effects of brain drain would be greatly alleviated if skilled emigration is temporary. The problem is that host countries cannot unilaterally ensure temporariness of unskilled migration because repatriation cannot be accomplished without the help of source countries like Zambia, and source countries today have little incentive to facilitate the return of the unskilled. At the same time, source countries like Zambia cannot unilaterally ensure temporariness of the skilled because repatriation cannot be accomplished without the help of the host countries, and host countries currently have little incentive to send back the skilled. So, there is a strong case and considerable scope for cooperation between source countries like Zambia and destination countries in the design and implementation of migration policy so that unskilled migration becomes feasible and skilled migration takes a more desirable form.CC BY 3.0 IGOABUSEAFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANKAGRICULTURAL WORKERSBORDERSBRAIN DRAINCITIZENSCITIZENSHIPCIVIL UNRESTCOMPENSATIONDECISION MAKINGDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDISCRIMINATIONECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESEMIGRATIONEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEXPATRIATESFAIR COMPENSATIONFAMILIESFARMSGAMBIAGOVERNMENT AGENCIESHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALSHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH WORKERSHOSPITALHOSPITALSHOST COUNTRIESHOST COUNTRYHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALIMMIGRANTIMMIGRANTSIMMIGRATIONIMMIGRATION POLICIESIMPACT OF MIGRATIONINSURANCE SCHEMESINTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTSINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONINTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONSINVESTMENT IN EDUCATIONISOLATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIVING CONDITIONSMAJORITY OF CHILDRENMEDICAL SCHOOLMIDWIFERYMIGRANTMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMIGRATION ISSUESMIGRATION POLICYMIGRATION RATESMOBILITYNATIONALSNATURE OF HEALTHNURSESNURSINGOLD-AGEPEACEPERMANENT MIGRATIONPERMANENT RESIDENCEPERMANENT SETTLEMENTPHARMACISTSPHYSICIANSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOLINGPRIMARY SCHOOLSPROGRESSPROVISION OF INFORMATIONPUBLIC HEALTHPULL FACTORSPUNITIVE MEASURESPUSH FACTORSREMITTANCEREMITTANCESREPATRIATIONRETURN MIGRATIONRETURN OF MIGRANTSRICHER COUNTRIESSCREENINGSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSKILLED PERSONNELSKILLED PROFESSIONALSSKILLED WORKERSSKILLS DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL SCIENCESSOCIAL WELFARESUB-SAHARAN AFRICATECHNICAL EDUCATIONTEMPORARY MIGRANTSTEMPORARY MIGRATIONTERTIARY EDUCATIONTERTIARY LEVELTHETRADE NEGOTIATIONSTRAINING PROGRAMSTREATYUNEMPLOYMENTVISASWORKFORCEWORKING CONDITIONSWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-4145