World Bank2012-03-192012-03-192010-11-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2997The six Central American countries of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama share a long tradition of regional integration, including a common market, substantial intraregional trade, as well as coordinated commercial policies, such as the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) with the US. The most significant example of regional integration in the energy subsector consists of the Sistema de Interconexion Electrica para America Central (SIEPAC), an interconnection line that is expected to link the six countries in mid-2010. The creation of the interconnection has been a long-term effort, starting in the early 1990s and culminating in 2010. This report provides an overview of the energy sector in Central America, with a focus on the power subsector, and highlights the key challenges and options for meeting future energy and development goals. One of the main objectives of the study is to identify paths for collective action whereby individual countries, and the region as a whole, could benefit from a more integrated approach to developing energy infrastructure and connecting energy markets.El Banco Mundial ha llevado a cabo una serie de estudios con el objetivo de lograr una mejor compresión de los retos energéticos a los que se enfrentan estos seis países de América Central unidos por el Sistema de Interconexión Eléctrica Para América Central (SIEPAC), y de identificar medidas para la promoción de un desarrollo dinámico en el sector. En el marco de una serie titulada “Estudio programático del sector energía para América Central”, un grupo de expertos en política energética, ingenieros y economistas han preparado estudios, haciendo hincapié en el subsector eléctrico. Este documento en particular, el “Módulo de asuntos generales y opciones”, presenta un panorama general del sector energético en América Central, pone el foco del análisis en el subsector eléctrico, y resalta los desafíos y opciones claves para satisfacer el logro de las futuras metas energéticas y de desarrollo. Uno de los principales objetivos del estudio es identificar los caminos para la acción colectiva por los cuales los países en forma individual, y la región en su conjunto, podrían beneficiarse a través de un enfoque más integrado para desarrollar la infraestructura energética y conectar los mercados energéticos.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYAFFORDABLE ENERGYAGRICULTURAL RESIDUESAIR CONDITIONINGALTERNATIVE ENERGYAPPROACHAVAILABILITYBALANCEBARRELS OF OILBARRELS PER DAYBED COMBUSTIONBIOMASSBIOMASS CONSUMPTIONBIOMASS ENERGYBIOMASS FOR POWER GENERATIONBIOMASS GENERATIONBIOMASS POWERBIOMASS USAGEBIOMASS USECARBONCARBON DIOXIDECOALCOAL PLANTSCOLLECTION COSTSCOLLECTION SYSTEMCOMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPSCOMPETITIVE ELECTRICITYCOMPRESSED NATURAL GASCONSUMPTION OF ENERGYCONSUMPTION OF OILCOOK STOVESCOOKINGCRUDE OILCYCLE GAS TURBINESDEFORESTATIONDEMAND FOR OILDEMAND GROWTHDIESELDIESEL ENGINESDIESEL FUELDIESEL OILDIESEL POWER PLANTDISTRIBUTION COMPANIESDOMESTIC ENERGYDOMESTIC ENERGY PRODUCTIONDOMESTIC ENERGY RESOURCESDOMESTIC OILDOMESTIC OIL PRODUCTIONELECTRIC POWERELECTRICITYELECTRICITY BILLSELECTRICITY CONSUMPTIONELECTRICITY COSTSELECTRICITY DEMANDELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY PRICESELECTRICITY PRODUCTIONELECTRICITY SECTORELECTRICITY SUPPLYELECTRICITY TARIFFSELECTRICITY USEELECTRIFICATIONEMISSIONSENERGY BALANCEENERGY CONSUMERSENERGY CONSUMPTIONENERGY COOPERATIONENERGY DEMANDENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTSENERGY INFRASTRUCTUREENERGY INPUTENERGY INTENSITYENERGY MARKETENERGY MARKETSENERGY NEEDSENERGY POLICIESENERGY POLICYENERGY PRICESENERGY PRICINGENERGY PRODUCTIONENERGY SECTOR MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCEENERGY SECURITYENERGY SERVICESENERGY SHORTAGESENERGY SOURCEENERGY SOURCESENERGY USEENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGESENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSEXCESS SUPPLYFEEDSTOCKFINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTIONFOSSILFOSSIL FUELFOSSIL FUEL RESOURCESFOSSIL FUELSFOSSIL-FUELFUELFUEL CONSUMPTIONFUEL FOR POWER GENERATIONFUEL PRICEFUEL PRICESFUEL STORAGEFUEL TYPESFUEL WOODGASGAS TURBINEGAS TURBINESGASOLINEGENERATIONGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATION UNITSGEOTHERMAL ENERGYGEOTHERMAL RESOURCESGEOTHERMAL SOURCESGLOBAL ENVIRONMENTGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASESGRID EXTENSIONGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH OF ELECTRICITY DEMANDHEALTH HAZARDHEALTH RISKSHEAVY FUEL OILHIGH OIL PRICESHOT WATERHYDRO RESOURCESHYDROCARBONSHYDROELECTRIC POTENTIALHYDROELECTRIC POWERHYDROPOWERHYDROPOWER GENERATIONINCOMEINCREASING ENERGY EFFICIENCYINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYKEROSENEKILOWATT-HOURLNGLOW OIL PRICESNATURAL GASNITROGENNITROGEN OXIDEOIL COMPANIESOIL COMPANYOIL CONSUMPTIONOIL DEMANDOIL EQUIVALENTOIL PRICEOIL PRICESOIL PRODUCEROIL PRODUCTSPER CAPITA INCOMEPETROLEUMPETROLEUM GASPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPETROLEUM USEPLANT OPERATIONSPOWERPOWER COMPANYPOWER GENERATIONPOWER GENERATORSPOWER GRIDPOWER PLANTSPOWER PRODUCTIONPOWER SECTORPOWER SECTOR POLICIESPOWER SECTORSPOWER SYSTEMPOWER SYSTEMSPOWER TRADEPOWER UTILITIESPRICE VOLATILITYPRIMARY ENERGYPRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTIONPRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLYPRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITYPROPORTION OF BIOMASSQUANTITY OF ELECTRICITYREFINED PRODUCTSREFINERIESREGULAR GASOLINERENEWABLE ENERGYRENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATIONRENEWABLE ENERGY POTENTIALRENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTSRENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCESRENEWABLE GENERATIONRENEWABLE RESOURCESRENEWABLE SOURCESRENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGYRESIDENTIAL CONSUMERSRESIDUAL OILSMOKESOLAR HOME SYSTEMSOURCE OF ELECTRICITYSUGAR MILLSSUGARCANESULFURSUPPLY COSTSSUPPLY OF BIOMASSSUPPLY OF ELECTRICITYSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTHERMAL PLANTTHERMAL PLANTSTOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTIONTOTAL ENERGY DEMANDTRADITIONAL BIOMASSTRADITIONAL ENERGY SOURCEURBAN POPULATIONUTILITIESVOLTAGEWHOLESALE PRICESWINDWIND GENERATIONWIND POWERWIND PROJECTWIND RESOURCESWOOD COLLECTIONWorld Bank10.1596/2997