Levitt, EmilyKostermans, KeesLaviolette, LucMbuya, Nkosinathi2012-03-192012-03-192011978-0-8213-8441-1https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2518This book has the potential to contribute to a reversing of this trend, whereby activities in not only the health sector but also in other sectors relevant to nutrition will gain increased support and prominence in national development planning. South Asia has by far the largest number of malnourished women and children, and no other region of the world has higher rates of malnutrition. Malnutrition in childhood is the biggest contributor to child mortality; a third of child deaths have malnutrition as an underlying cause. For the surviving children, malnutrition has lifelong implications because it severely reduces a child's ability to learn and to grow to his or her full potential. Malnutrition thus leads to less productive adults and weaker national economic performance. Therefore, the impact of malnutrition on a society's productivity and well being and a nation's long-term development is hard to underestimate. For the South Asia region of the World Bank, malnutrition is a key development priority, and in the coming years, the Bank intends to enhance dramatically its response to this challenge. As a first step, a series of country assessments such as this one are being carried out. These assessments will be used to reinforce the dialogue with governments and other development partners to scale up an evidence-based response against malnutrition. To succeed, we will need to address the problem comprehensively, which will require engaging several sectors. This assessment of malnutrition in Afghanistan lays out the scale, scope, and causes of the problem. The assessment also indicates key elements of a potential response.CC BY 3.0 IGOACUTE MALNUTRITIONANEMIAANEMIA TREATMENTBEHAVIOR CHANGEBIRTH DEFECTSBIRTH INTERVALSBIRTH SPACINGBLINDNESSBREAST MILKBREAST MILK SUBSTITUTESBREASTFEEDINGCALCIUMCALORIC INTAKECAPACITY BUILDINGCENTER FOR HEALTHCHILD CARECHILD DEATHSCHILD FEEDINGCHILD FEEDING PRACTICESCHILD HEALTH INDICATORSCHILD HEALTH OUTCOMESCHILD MORTALITYCHILD MORTALITY RATESCHILD NUTRITIONCHILD SURVIVALCHILDREN NUTRITIONCHRONIC UNDERNUTRITIONCLINICSCOMMUNITY DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY HEALTHCOMMUNITY NUTRITION WORKERSCOMPLEMENTARY FEEDINGCOMPLEMENTARY FOODSCONTRACEPTIVESDEPRESSIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT PLANNINGDIARRHEADIETDIETSDIPHTHERIADIRECT NUTRITION INTERVENTIONSDISEASESDISSEMINATIONDRIED FRUITECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC PRODUCTIVITYENERGY METABOLISMEPIDEMIOLOGYFAMILIESFAMILY HEALTHFEEDING PROGRAMSFLOURFOLIC ACIDFOOD CONSUMPTIONFOOD FORTIFICATIONFOOD INSECURITYFOOD POLICYFOOD SAFETYFOOD SECURITYFOOD SUPPLEMENTSFOOD SUPPLYFORTIFIED FOODSGLOBAL ACTIONGOITERGOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH PROMOTIONHEALTH CAREHEALTH INDICATORSHEALTH MANAGEMENTHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH POLICYHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH WORKERSHEMORRHAGEHIV/AIDSHOSPITALSHOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITYHOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITYHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUNGERHYGIENEHYGIENE PRACTICESIMCIIMMUNIZATIONINADEQUATE FOOD INTAKEINFANTINFANT FEEDINGINFANT FEEDING PRACTICESINFANT MORTALITYINFANT MORTALITY RATEINFANTSINFECTIONINFORMATION SYSTEMINTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD ILLNESSINTERVENTIONIODINEIODINE DEFICIENCIESIODINE DEFICIENCYIODINE DEFICIENCY DISORDERSIRONIRON DEFICIENCYLACK OF AWARENESSLBWLEGAL STATUSLIVE BIRTHSLOCAL CAPACITYLOW BIRTH WEIGHTMALARIAMALNOURISHED CHILDRENMALNUTRITIONMARKETINGMATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTHMATERNAL HEALTHMATERNAL MORTALITYMATERNAL MORTALITY RATEMATERNAL NUTRITIONMATERNITY LEAVEMENTALMENTAL HEALTHMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIESMICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCYMICRONUTRIENT FORTIFICATIONMICRONUTRIENT INTERVENTIONSMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMILLSMINERALMINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMISCARRIAGEMORBIDITYMORTALITYMORTALITY RISKMOTHERMUNG BEANSNATIONAL ACTIONNATIONAL AGENDASNATIONAL CAPACITYNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNATIONAL POLICYNATIONAL SECURITYNEURAL TUBE DEFECTSNUTRIENTSNUTRITIONNUTRITION AWARENESSNUTRITION COMPONENTSNUTRITION EDUCATIONNUTRITION IN EMERGENCIESNUTRITION INDICATORSNUTRITION INTERVENTIONSNUTRITION POLICIESNUTRITION POLICYNUTRITION PROBLEMSNUTRITION PROGRAMSNUTRITION SECTORNUTRITION SECTOR STRATEGYNUTRITIONAL STATUSNUTSPEDIATRICSPHYSICAL DEVELOPMENTPHYSICAL GROWTHPOLICY FORMULATIONPOLICY FRAMEWORKPOLIOPREGNANCYPREGNANCY STATUSPREGNANT WOMENPRENATAL CAREPRESCHOOL CHILDRENPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRODUCTIVITYPROTEINPUBLIC HEALTHQUALITY CONTROLQUALITY IMPROVEMENTREFUGEESRELIGIOUS LEADERSREPRODUCTIVE AGERESEARCH METHODSRICKETSRISK FACTORSRIVERSRURAL DEVELOPMENTSAFE DRINKING WATERSAFE WATERSALT IODIZATIONSANITATIONSCHOOL-AGE CHILDRENSCURVYSMOKINGSOCIAL AFFAIRSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL NETWORKSSOCIAL SERVICESSTILLBIRTHSTUNTINGSUGARSUPPLEMENTARY FEEDINGTETANUSTRANSPORTATIONTRAUMAUNDERNUTRITIONVACCINATIONVEGETABLESVITAMINVITAMIN AVITAMIN A DEFICIENCYVITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATIONVITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTSVITAMIN CVITAMIN DVITAMIN D DEFICIENCYVULNERABILITYVULNERABLE FAMILIESWALKINGWASTINGWATER SUPPLYWORKERSWORLD FOOD PROGRAMMEWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONXEROPHTHALMIAYOUNG CHILDYOUNG CHILD NUTRITIONYOUNG CHILDRENZINC DEFICIENCYWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-8441-1