Soucat, AgnesScheffler, RichardSoucat, AgnesScheffler, RichardGhebreyesus, Tedros Adhanom2013-06-102013-06-102013-04-17978-0-8213-9555-4https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13824Health systems in Sub-Saharan Africa have changed profoundly over the last 20 years. The economic crisis of the 1980s and 1990s rattled public health care systems, which were largely holdovers from the colonial and postcolonial eras. The later wave of structural adjustments and public sector reforms wrought further change. As African economies opened to market based approaches, the private sector became a sizable source of health care service. Today about half the health expenditures in Africa are private, and private providers play a major role in the delivery of outpatient services. This is draws on the lessons, knowledge, and data gathered by the World Bank's Africa Region Human Resources for Health Program. For the first time, the various complexities of Human Resources for Health (HRH) labor markets are addressed comprehensively in one volume. Given the increasing demand in countries for strong health workforces that can help achieve universal health coverage; we hope this book will be beneficial to researchers, policy makers, and practitioners who are trying to develop evidence-based HRH interventions to achieve this end.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO HEALTH CAREACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICESACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICESANTENATAL CAREBASIC HEALTHBASIC HEALTH CAREBIRTH ATTENDANTBIRTH ATTENDANTSBREAST CANCERBULLETINBURDEN OF DISEASECENTER FOR HEALTHCITIESCLINICSCOHORT STUDIESCOMMUNITY HEALTHCOST ANALYSISCOST STRUCTURECROWDINGDANGERSDEMAND FOR HEALTHDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDIPHTHERIADISEASESDOCTORSEARLY YEARSECONOMIC GROWTHEFFECTIVE POLICIESEPIDEMICFAMILIESFAMILY HEALTHFAMILY MEMBERSFAMILY PLANNINGFINANCIAL BARRIERSFINANCIAL CONSTRAINTSFINANCIAL INCENTIVESFISCAL POLICYGLOBAL HEALTHGLOBAL POPULATIONHEALTH AFFAIRSHEALTH BUDGETSHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE ACCESSHEALTH CARE MARKETSHEALTH CARE NEEDSHEALTH CARE POLICYHEALTH CARE SERVICE UTILIZATIONHEALTH CARE SERVICESHEALTH CARE SYSTEMHEALTH CARE SYSTEMSHEALTH CARE USEHEALTH CARE WORKERSHEALTH CENTERSHEALTH COVERAGEHEALTH ECONOMICSHEALTH EXPENDITUREHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH EXPENDITURES PER CAPITAHEALTH EXTENSIONHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH INSURANCEHEALTH MANPOWERHEALTH ORGANIZATIONHEALTH OUTCOMESHEALTH PROFESSIONALSHEALTH SECTORHEALTH SECTOR WORKERSHEALTH SERVICEHEALTH SERVICE DELIVERYHEALTH SERVICESHEALTH SPECIALISTHEALTH SPENDINGHEALTH STATUSHEALTH SYSTEMHEALTH SYSTEMSHEALTH TRAININGHEALTH WORKERSHEALTH WORKFORCEHIVHIV TESTINGHIV/AIDSHOSPITALHOSPITAL CAREHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTHUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENTILLNESSESIMPACT EVALUATIONSIMPACT ON HEALTHINCOMEINCOME COUNTRIESINDEXESINDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICSINFANTINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINTERVENTIONKNOWLEDGE BASELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLEGAL STATUSLIVING CONDITIONSLOW-INCOME COUNTRIESMALARIAMALARIA PREVENTIONMAMMOGRAPHYMATERNAL MORTALITYMEASLESMEDICAL DOCTORSMEDICAL EDUCATIONMEDICAL EQUIPMENTMEDICAL FACILITIESMEDICAL OFFICERSMEDICAL SCHOOLMEDICAL SCHOOLSMEDICAL TRAININGMEDICINEMIDWIFEMIDWIVESMIGRANTMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSMINISTRIES OF HEALTHMINISTRY OF HEALTHMORTALITYNATIONAL GOVERNMENTSNATIONAL HEALTHNATIONAL LEVELNEEDS ASSESSMENTNONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONSNUMBER OF PERSONSNUMBER OF WORKERSNURSENURSESNURSINGNUTRITIONOFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEOUTPATIENT SERVICESPAP SMEARPATIENTSPERTUSSISPHARMACEUTICALSPHYSICIANPHYSICIAN EDUCATIONPHYSICIANSPOLICY MAKERSPOOR HEALTHPOPULATION DISTRIBUTIONPOPULATION ESTIMATESPOPULATION GROUPSPRACTITIONERSPREGNANCYPREGNANT WOMENPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTORSPROBABILITYPROGRESSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH CAREPUBLIC POLICIESPUBLIC POLICYPUBLIC SECTORPURCHASING POWERQUALITY OF SERVICESQUALITY SERVICESREMITTANCERESEARCH CENTERSRESOURCE REQUIREMENTSRICHER COUNTRIESRURAL AREASSCREENINGSKILLED ATTENDANCESKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTSSMEAR TESTSUPPLY OF DOCTORSSUPPLY OF HEALTH CARESURGERYTERTIARY EDUCATIONTETANUSTRAINING HEALTH WORKERSTREATMENTTUBERCULOSISUNEMPLOYMENTUNIVERSAL ACCESSURBAN AREASURBANIZATIONVACCINATIONVACCINATIONSVACCINESWHOOPING COUGHWOMANWORKERSWORKPLACEWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-9555-4