Uphoff, NormanBuck, Louise2012-06-152012-06-152006-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8194In considering the contribution that Rural Local Institutions (RLIs) can make to Sustainable Livelihoods (SLs), authors bring together two important concerns that emerged among development practitioners in the 1980s and 1990s, respectively. RLIs are important for addressing and mitigating factors of insecurity and instability, dealing in particular with various aspects of vulnerability. RLIs can also support participation (voice), conflict mitigation (peace), and external linkage (market expansion). Generally they produce a variety of public goods at local levels even if focused on narrower objectives. Households and communities are multiply linked, or potentially linked, having many economic, social, information and other connections with distant kin, enterprises and diverse institutions within the country and often internationally. This paper focused on institutions that in fact have some organizational structure, seeking to make them more amenable to introduction and improvement. These are institutions that can have leadership and purposeful direction. Those of which this cannot be said are certainly of similar importance; however, they function very differently.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO INFORMATIONADVERSE EFFECTSAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTUREASSETSBARGAININGBARGAINING POWERBASIC EDUCATIONBETTER NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENTBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBLUEPRINTBORROWINGBUSINESS OPERATIONSBUSINESSESBUYERSCAPABILITIESCAPACITY BUILDINGCAPACITY-BUILDINGCATALYSTSCELL PHONESCENTRAL GOVERNMENTSCHAMBERS OF COMMERCECITIZENSCIVIL SOCIETY INSTITUTIONSCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCOLLECTIVE ACTIONCOMMERCECOMMERCIAL ACTIVITIESCOMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONSCOMMODITYCOMMON PROPERTYCOMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESCOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGYCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGESCONNECTIVITYCRISESDECENTRALIZATIONDEMOCRACYDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT AGENCIESDEVELOPMENT EFFORTSDEVELOPMENT PLANNINGDEVELOPMENT PROJECTSDIGITAL CAMERASDISADVANTAGED GROUPSDISPLACEMENTDOMAINDOMAINSDONOR AGENCIESDONOR AGENCYECONOMIC ACTIVITIESECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC DEMANDECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC INCENTIVESECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESECONOMIC THEORYECOSYSTEMELECTRICITYEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMSENVIRONMENTAL QUALITYENVIRONMENTSEQUAL OPPORTUNITYEQUIPMENTEXPLOITATIONFAMILY MEMBERSFARMSFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFISHERIESFUTURE GROWTHGENDER DISCRIMINATIONGLOBALIZATIONGRASS-ROOTSHUMAN ACTIVITYHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN RESOURCESIMAGEIMAGESINCLUSION OF WOMENINCOMEINCOME LEVELSINDIVIDUAL MEMBERSINFLOW OF REMITTANCESINFORMATION PROVISIONINNOVATIONINNOVATIONSINSPECTIONINSTITUTIONINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIESINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINSURANCEINTELLECTUAL PROPERTYINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSKINSHIPLABORERSLAND TENURELEGAL FRAMEWORKLEGAL FRAMEWORKSLEGAL RIGHTSLIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIESLIVING CONDITIONSLOCAL CAPACITYLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL GOVERNMENTSLOCAL POPULATIONMANAGEMENT SERVICESMANDATESMARKET OPPORTUNITIESMARKETINGMATERIALMIGRANTMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMINIMUM WAGESMOVEMENT OF GOODSMOVEMENT OF PEOPLENATIONAL GOVERNMENTNATIONAL LAWSNATURAL CAPITALNATURAL DISASTERSNATURAL RESOURCENATURAL RESOURCE BASENATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENTNATURAL RESOURCESNETWORKSNEW MARKETSNEW TECHNOLOGIESNEXT GENERATIONOPPORTUNITY COSTORGANIZATIONAL FORMORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTUREPEACEPENSION PLANSPER CAPITA INCOMEPHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTUREPOLICY ENVIRONMENTPOLITICAL PARTICIPATIONPOSITIVE EFFECTSPRACTITIONERSPRIVATE PROPERTYPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONPRIVATE SECTORSPRODUCERSPRODUCTIVITYPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC GOODSPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC UTILITIESPUBLIC UTILITYPURCHASING POWERQUALITY CONTROLQUALITY OF EDUCATIONREAL-TIME COMMUNICATIONRECREATIONREGISTRYREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTRELIABILITYRELIABLE ACCESSREMITTANCERENEWABLE RESOURCESRESOURCE MANAGEMENTRESOURCE MOBILIZATIONRESPECTRESULTRESULTSRETENTIONRETURNEESRICHER COUNTRIESRULE OF LAWRURAL ACCESSRURAL AREASRURAL COMMUNITIESRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL POPULATIONSRURAL RESIDENTSSAFETYSAFETY NETSAFETY NETSSATELLITESELF-HELPSELF-IMAGESERVICE PROVISIONSEXSHORT SUPPLYSOCIAL CAPITALSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL NORMSSOCIAL ORGANIZATIONSSPREAD OF EDUCATIONSTANDARDIZATIONSTREAMSSUPERMARKETSSUPPLY CHAINSSUPPLY SYSTEMSSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTECHNICAL SUPPORTTRADITIONAL VALUESTRANSACTIONTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSPORTATIONTRUSTSUNSKILLED LABORURBAN AREASUSERUSER GROUPSUSERSVIDEOVOTERSVULNERABILITYWAGESWASTE MANAGEMENTWATER SUPPLIESWEALTHWORKING CONDITIONSWORLDWIDE WEBYOUNG PEOPLEWorld Bank10.1596/8194