World Bank2013-04-222013-04-222012-10https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13243The Republic of Congo covers an area of 342,000 square kilometers (km), of which forests occupy three-fifths, the rest being dominated by savannah. Oil has long been the principal resource of Congo. Since the first exploitations were launched in 1970, the oil sector has become the dominant economic activity and major source of income for the state. The growth rate in real terms was 8.8 percent in 2010, with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita reaching $4532. In 2010, GDP nearly reached two digit growths, driven up by a significant increase of oil production, by reinforcement of non-oil activities, in particular forest industry, construction and telecommunications. The Government made development of the mining sector a priority to diversify the economy. The present review of the mining sector, led by World Bank in partnership with the Ministry of Geology and Mining, aims to update and understand further these characterizations, to document the prospects and challenges of mining development and to prioritize actions that optimize the sector's contribution to economic diversification and sustainable development. This review of mining sector helped to characterize the issues of governance in following four areas: (1) promotion of geological heritage and mineral resources; (2) facilitating entry into production; (3) continuous improvement of the political, institutional, legal and regulatory framework; and (4) optimization of the sector's contribution to diversification. After this study, an action plan to improve the mining sector can be outlined.En République du Congo, environ deux tiers du PIB national et 80% des exportations sont reliés au pétrole. La performance économique actuelle du pays résulte de cette richesse nationale exploitée avec succès depuis 40 ans. Malgré cette situation privilégiée, le pays est exposé aux dangers de la « malédiction » des ressources. En d’autres termes, la trop grande dépendance vis-à-vis du pétrole pose des risques significatifs autant pour l’équilibre et la stabilité macroéconomique que pour le développement et la lutte contre la pauvreté. Conscient de ces défis, le Gouvernement a lancé une stratégie de diversification de l’économie. Parmi les quelques secteurs identifiés en raison de leur potentiel et plus généralement des avantages comparatifs du Congo, ces documents stratégiques font du secteur minier un secteur prioritaire. Il est clair qu’une diversification réussie ne saurait se limiter aux industries minières, mais la présente Revue du Secteur Minier confirme la pertinence de ce choix car plusieurs mines « solides » pourraient voir le jour à court ou moyen terme et stimuler de manière significative l’économie non-pétrolière. La présente étude passe en revue les forces et les faiblesses du secteur minier en République du Congo et formule des recommandations sur plusieurs plans : comment améliorer la connaissance du sous-sol et la gestion du patrimoine géologique ; comment faciliter l’entrée en production des projets en cours d’exploration ; comment améliorer le cadre politico-légal et institutionnel ; et enfin comment optimiser la contribution du secteur au développement durable et à la diversification de l’économie. Un plan d’action synthétique est proposé en conclusion.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURESAERIAL PHOTOGRAPHSAIRAIRBORNE GEOPHYSICSAQUIFERSARSENICARTISANAL AND SMALL-SCALE MININGARTISANAL GOLDARTISANAL MINERSARTISANAL MININGARTISANAL PRODUCTIONASMBASE METALSBASIC METALSBAUXITEBERYLLIUMBOGSBUTANECADASTRECATHODESCERTIFICATION SYSTEMCHROMIUMCLIMATECLIMATESCOCOBALTCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECONCENTRATESCONSTRUCTIONCOPPERCRUDE OILDEBTDEMOGRAPHIC GROWTHDEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCESDIAMONDSDIFFUSIONDISSOLUTIONDIVIDENDSDRILLINGECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC FACTORSEITIELECTRICITYELECTROLYSISENERGY CONSUMPTIONENVIRONMENT PROTECTIONENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSENVIRONMENTSEXPENDITURESEXPLOITATIONEXPLOITATION LICENSESEXPLORATION ACTIVITIESEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIESEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVEFEFORESTFOREST INDUSTRYFORESTRYFORESTRY SECTORFORESTSFUELSFURNACESGARNETSGASGEMSGEMSTONESGEOCHEMISTRYGEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONGEOLOGICAL DATAGEOLOGICAL INFORMATIONGEOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGEGEOLOGICAL MAPGEOLOGICAL MAPPINGGEOLOGICAL MAPSGEOLOGICAL SURVEYGEOLOGYGERMANIUMGOLDGOLD DEPOSITSGOLD MININGGOLD PRICESGOLD PRODUCTIONGOOD GOVERNANCEGRAVELGYPSUMHYDRAULICSHYDROCARBONSINDUSTRIAL MINERALSINDUSTRIAL OPERATIONSIRONIRON ORELAKESLARGE MININGLIMESTONELITHIUMLIXIVIATIONLOW VOLUMEMAGNESIUMMAGNETISM AND RADIOMETRYMANGANESEMANUREMARBLEMECHANIZED MININGMINERAL COMMODITIESMINERAL DEPOSITSMINERAL EXPORTSMINERAL INDUSTRYMINERAL POLICYMINERAL POTENTIALMINERAL RESERVESMINERAL RESOURCESMINERAL SECTORMINESMINING ACTIVITIESMINING ACTIVITYMINING CADASTRE SYSTEMMINING COMPANIESMINING COMPANYMINING DEVELOPMENTMINING EQUIPMENTMINING HISTORYMINING INDUSTRIESMINING INDUSTRYMINING INVESTMENTMINING INVESTMENTSMINING LAWMINING LEGISLATIONMINING OPERATIONSMINING OPERATORSMINING PERMITMINING PERMITSMINING POLICYMINING PRODUCTIONMINING PROJECTMINING PROJECTSMINING REGULATIONMINING RIGHTSMINING SECTORMINING TAX REGIMEMINING TITLEMINING TITLESMINING TRADITIONMOLYBDENUMNATIONAL MININGNATURAL RESOURCESNICKELNIOBIUMNONFERROUS METALSOILOIL INDUSTRYOIL PRICESOIL PRODUCTIONOIL SECTORORE RESERVESORESPARTICLESPEATPHOSPHATESPLATINUMPOTASHPOTASSIUMPOTASSIUM SALTSPOTENTIAL INVESTORSPPPRECIOUS METALSPRECIOUS STONESPRIVATE INVESTMENT IN MININGPRODUCERSPRODUCTION COSTSPRODUCTION OF GOLDPROPANEPROSPECTINGPROVEN RESERVESQUARRIESRECYCLINGREFININGRESOURCE CURSERISK MANAGEMENTRIVERSROCKSSALTSALTSSANDSANDSTONESEMI-PRECIOUS STONESSEWERAGESILVERSMALL DEPOSITSSMALL MINESSMALL MININGSMALL SCALESMALL-SCALESMALL-SCALE MINERSSPOT MARKETSTABILIZATIONSTEELSTEEL RECYCLINGSTRATEGIC METALSSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTTANTALUMTAX SYSTEMSTINTITANIUMTUNGSTENUNDERGROUND MINESURANIUMWELLSWOLFRAMZINCZIRCONWorld Bankhttps://doi.org/10.1596/13243