World Bank2013-04-182013-04-182006-09-04https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13208Mexico has critical and urgent water related problems including the overexploitation and contamination of surface water and groundwater resources in the regions where most of the people reside and where the great majority of the Gross Domestic Product, or GDP is generated. Groundwater overexploitation is perhaps the most serious water resources management issue. About 100 aquifers in the central and northern part of the country are being overexploited, with water tables dropping 1 to 4 meters per year. In some areas, essentially all sectors depend on groundwater, and the unsustainable water use regimen will constrain economic development and have serious social impacts. The poor often suffer the most, because they are less able to deal with the added costs associated with falling water tables and water pollution. Water issues are both very complex and very important in Mexico, because they sit at the conjunction of economic development, public finance, infrastructure investment, environmental sustainability, and social justice. They are linked to public finance in three ways, raising resources, providing resources for investment and operations, and setting fees that affect the incentives for using water. The decisions about water investment have a lasting physical impact on what happens with water, as well as major social impacts. The scarcity of water in many parts of the country means that sometimes more water for one sector results in less water (and a different development path) in another sector and for the environment. The national patrimony relating to the ecosystem and groundwater often ends up last in line, as everyone generally agrees on their importance but objects to having his allocation of water or fiscal subsidy be reduced or to paying for wastewater treatment. Finally, making water and water services available equitably to households is a key element in the social justice to which Mexicans aspire. The report aims to integrate the views of the water sector through these different lenses, and to suggest how to improve the management of the sector and thus to make decisions more coherent.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOADEQUATE WATERADEQUATE WATER RESOURCESAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURE PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURE WATERALLOCATION OF WATERAQUIFERAQUIFERSAVAILABILITY OF WATERAVERAGE ANNUAL PRECIPITATIONBENEFITS OF GROUNDWATER USEBULK WATERBULK WATER SUPPLYCANALSCHANNELCOASTAL AREASCOLLECTION EFFICIENCYCOLLECTION OF WATERCOLLECTION SYSTEMCONSTRUCTIONCONSUMPTIVE USESCOST OF WATERCOST RECOVERYCOST SHARINGCOVERINGCROP PRODUCTIONCULTIVATED AREADAMSDEMAND FOR WATERDISCHARGEDISTRIBUTION SYSTEMSDOMESTIC USEDRAINAGEDRAINAGE SYSTEMSDRINKING WATERDRINKING WATER SUPPLIESDRINKING WATER SUPPLYDROUGHTECOSYSTEMEFFICIENT WATER USEEFFLUENTEFFLUENTSENVIRONMENTAL NEEDSEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONFARMERSFLOOD CONTROLFLOODINGFRESH WATERFRESHWATERFRESHWATER RESOURCESGRAZINGGROUNDWATERGROUNDWATER ABSTRACTIONGROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENTGROUNDWATER MANAGEMENTGROUNDWATER PUMPINGGROUNDWATER RECHARGEGROUNDWATER RESOURCESGROUNDWATER SOURCESHIGH LEVELSHIGH WATERHOUSEHOLDSINDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTSINDUSTRIAL USEINDUSTRIAL USERSINTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENTINTERNATIONAL WATERINVESTMENT COSTSINVESTMENT SUBSIDIESIRRIGATION DISTRICTIRRIGATION SYSTEMSIRRIGATION WATERLAKESLARGE CITIESLEAKAGELOCAL STAKEHOLDERSLOCAL WATERLOCALITIESLOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDSMANAGEMENT OF WATERMANGANESEMEASUREMENTSMINERALSMUNICIPAL DEPARTMENTMUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTSMUNICIPAL SERVICE PROVIDERSMUNICIPAL USEMUNICIPAL WASTEWATERMUNICIPAL WATERMUNICIPAL WATER COMPANIESMUNICIPAL WATER SYSTEMSMUNICIPALITIESNATIONAL WATER PLANNATURAL RECHARGENATURAL RESOURCESOVERSIGHT ROLEPERFORMANCE OF SERVICE PROVIDERSPOPULATION GROWTHPRESSUREPRICE DISTORTIONSPRICE OF WATERPROGRAMSPROVISION OF WATERPROVISION OF WATER SUPPLYPUBLIC WATERPUBLIC WATER RIGHTS REGISTRYPUBLIC WATER SUPPLYPUBLIC WORKSPUMPSQUALITY OF SERVICEQUALITY OF SERVICE DELIVERYQUALITY OF WATERQUALITY WATERRAINFALLREMOTE SENSINGRESERVOIRSRIVER BASINRIVER BASIN MANAGEMENTRIVER BASINSRIVERSRURAL COMMUNITIESSALT WATERSANITATIONSANITATION INFRASTRUCTURESANITATION SERVICESANITATION SERVICESSCARCE WATERSCARCE WATER RESOURCESSCARCITY OF WATERSECURE WATER SUPPLYSEEPAGESERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVISIONSEWAGE INFRASTRUCTURESOLID WASTESPRINGSSUBSIDENCESURFACE RUNOFFSURFACE WATERSURFACE WATER IRRIGATIONSURFACE WATER QUALITYSURFACE WATERSSUSTAINABLE WATERTARIFF RATESTOWNSURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERSURBAN WATERURBAN WATER SUPPLYURBAN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMSUSE OF WATERUTILITIESVALUABLE INFORMATIONWASTEWATER COLLECTIONWASTEWATER TREATMENTWATER AGENCIESWATER ALLOCATIONWATER ALLOCATIONSWATER AUTHORITYWATER AVAILABILITYWATER BODIESWATER BUDGETSWATER CHARGESWATER COMMISSIONSWATER CONSERVATIONWATER CONSUMPTIONWATER CONTAMINATIONWATER DEMANDWATER DEVELOPMENTWATER DISTRIBUTIONWATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMSWATER EXTRACTIONWATER FEESWATER IRRIGATION SYSTEMSWATER LAWWATER MANAGEMENTWATER MARKETSWATER NEEDSWATER POLICYWATER POLLUTIONWATER PRICINGWATER QUALITY INDEXWATER QUALITY PROBLEMSWATER QUANTITYWATER RESOURCEWATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENTWATER RESOURCESWATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENTWATER RESOURCES PLANNINGWATER RIGHTSWATER SCARCITYWATER SCARCITY PROBLEMSWATER SECTORWATER SECTOR REFORMWATER SERVICEWATER SERVICE DELIVERYWATER SERVICESWATER SHORTAGESWATER SOURCEWATER STORAGEWATER STRATEGYWATER SUPPLIESWATER SUPPLYWATER SYSTEMWATER SYSTEMSWATER TABLESWATER TARIFFWATER TARIFFSWATER USAGEWATER USEWATER USERWATER USERSWATER USESWATER UTILITIESWATER WITHDRAWALSWELL DRILLINGWELLSWETLANDSWorld Bank10.1596/13208