International Finance Corporation2017-08-142017-08-142011https://hdl.handle.net/10986/27787This report is intended to provide guidance on best practices in mining licensing, based on examples from low, middle and high income countries in Africa, Asia, North America, and South America. It is not a 'how-to guide' or a licensing implementation toolkit, but rather identifies certain common features of successful mining licensing regimes worldwide that other national or sub-national jurisdictions might usefully incorporate in new mining laws and regulations or revisions or existing ones. The case studies and other examples of good and bad practice are intended to provide a cross-section by geography and by income level, and they demonstrate that the prevalence of good and bad practices is not simply a function of income level. Tanzania, one of the poorest countries in the world, has in many respects a better licensing regime than either South Africa or the U.S. State of Wisconsin. In considering these complex issues, it has proven difficult to confine the discussion purely to questions of licensing. Discussion of licensing invariably invokes reference to overall policy and investment climate issues, environmental protection, labor law, taxation, national and sub-national jurisdiction, land tenure, and much more. This report makes no attempt to address all of these in detail but refers to them in reference to their interactions with and effect on, licensing itself. Far more detailed research on mineral policy, taxation, investment climate, and other issues has been carried out, some of it referred to in this report and cited in the footnotes and bibliography.en-USCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGOACCESS TO INFORMATIONADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURESALUMINUMAMORTIZATIONAQUATIC LIFEARTISANAL AND SMALL-SCALE MININGARTISANAL MININGBENEFICIATIONCADASTRECAPITAL FORMATIONCHROMIUMCOALCOAL INDUSTRYCOBALTCOMMUNITY CONSULTATIONCOMPETITIVE MARKETSCOMPLIANCE COSTSCONCESSION AREASCONCESSION HOLDERCOPPERCOPPER MINECOPPER MININGCYANIDEDECISION MAKINGDEVELOPED COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL RESOURCESDIAMOND MINESDIAMONDSDIVIDENDSDOMESTIC MINING INDUSTRYDRILLINGECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPACTEITIENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL CLEANUPENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGEENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMSENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONSENVIRONMENTSEQUITABLE DISTRIBUTIONEXCHANGE RATESEXCLUSIVE RIGHTEXCLUSIVE RIGHTSEXPLOITATIONEXPLOITATION LICENSESEXPLORATION AND MININGEXPLORATION AND MINING LICENSESEXPLORATION LICENSEEXPLORATION LICENSESEXTRACTION OF MINERALSEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIESEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVEEXTRACTIVE SECTORFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN MININGFORESTRYGASGEMSTONESGEOLOGICAL SURVEYGEOLOGYGEOTHERMAL ENERGYGLOBAL BUSINESSGOLDGOLD MINEGOLD MINERSGOLD MININGGRAVELHARDROCK MININGHAZARDOUS MATERIALSHEALTH AND SAFETYHEAVY METALSINDIGENOUS COMMUNITIESINDIGENOUS POPULATIONSINDUSTRIAL MINERALSINFORMAL MINERSINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIESIRONIRON ORELABOR FORCELAND USELAND USE PLANNINGLARGE MININGLEACHINGLICENSE FEESLIMESTONEMARKET ECONOMIESMARKET POWERMETAL PRODUCTSMETALLIC MININGMETALSMINE OPERATORSMINE OWNERMINE SITEMINE WORKERSMINERAL DEPOSITSMINERAL EXPLORATIONMINERAL EXPORTSMINERAL EXTRACTIONMINERAL LICENSEMINERAL MININGMINERAL POLICYMINERAL PRICESMINERAL PRODUCERSMINERAL PRODUCTIONMINERAL PROSPECTINGMINERAL RESERVESMINERAL RESOURCEMINERAL RESOURCESMINERAL RIGHTSMINERAL ROYALTIESMINERAL WEALTHMINERALSMINERALS DEVELOPMENTMINERALS LAWMINERALS LIFE CYCLEMINERALS PROCESSINGMINERALS PRODUCTIONMINERALS SECTORMINESMINING ACTIVITIESMINING ACTIVITYMINING AND MINERALSMINING CLAIM AREAMINING CLAIMSMINING COMPANIESMINING COMPANYMINING CONCESSIONSMINING DEVELOPMENTMINING INDUSTRYMINING INVESTMENTMINING INVESTMENTSMINING LAWMINING LAW AND REGULATIONSMINING LAW REFORMMINING LEGAL REGIMESMINING LEGISLATIONMINING LICENSEMINING OPERATIONMINING POLICIESMINING POLICYMINING PRODUCTIONMINING PROJECTMINING PROJECTSMINING REGULATIONMINING RIGHTSMINING SECTORMINING SECTOR POLICYMINING SECTOR REFORMMINING TITLEMINING TITLESMISMANAGEMENTMOLYBDENUMMULTIPLIERSNATIONAL INCOMENATURAL RESOURCESNICKELOILOUTPUT MULTIPLIEROWNERSHIP OF MINERALSPHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTUREPOLICY ENVIRONMENTPOLICY MAKERSPOTENTIAL INVESTORSPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPRECIOUS METALSPRIVATE MININGPRIVATE SECTOR MINING COMPANIESPRIVATIZATIONPRODUCERSPROPERTY RIGHTSPROSPECTINGPUBLIC GOODPUBLIC HEARINGSPUBLIC LANDPUBLIC LANDSQUARRYINGRECLAMATIONRECLAMATION PLANSRENEWABLE RESOURCERENEWABLE RESOURCESRESOURCE CURSERESOURCE-RICH COUNTRIESREVENUE COLLECTIONROYALTY PAYMENTSSAFETY STANDARDSSANDSILVERSMALL SCALESMALL SCALE MINERSSMALL SCALE MININGSMALL SCALE MINING LICENSESSMALL-SCALESMALL-SCALE MINERSSMALL-SCALE MININGSMALL-SCALE MINING OPERATORSSMALL-SCALE MINING SECTORSTREAMSSUSTAINABILITYSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE GROWTHTAXTAX RATETAX RATESTRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITYUNEMPLOYMENTURANIUMWAGESWORKER SAFETYZINCReportWorld Bank10.1596/27787