Xie, JianLiebenthal, AndresWarford, Jeremy J.Dixon, John A.Wang, ManchuanGao, ShijiWang, ShuilinJiang, YongMa, Zhong2012-03-192012-03-192009978-0-8213-7645-4https://hdl.handle.net/10986/2585This report reviews China's water scarcity situation, assesses the policy and institutional requirements for addressing it, and recommends key areas for strengthening and reform. It is a synthesis of the main findings and recommendations from analytical work and case studies prepared under the World Bank Analytical and Advisory Assistance (AAA) program entitled 'Addressing China's Water Scarcity: from Analysis to Action.' These studies focus on several strategically important thematic areas for China where additional research was needed, as identified by the research team and advisory group based on a review of pressing issues. These areas are governance, water rights, pricing, ecological compensation, pollution control, and emergency response. The approach has been to evaluate Chinese and international experience to identify policy and institutional factors that have proven effective in promoting the adoption of water conservation and pollution reduction technologies. The research was based on literature reviews, qualitative and quantitative policy analyses, household surveys, field trips, and case studies to develop feasible recommendations for a plan of action based on realities on the ground.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO INFORMATIONACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATERADEQUATE WATERADEQUATE WATER SUPPLYAGRICULTURAL WATERAGRICULTURAL WATER USEALLOCATION OF WATERALLOCATION OF WATER RIGHTSALLOCATION PROCESSALLOCATION SYSTEMANNUAL BUDGETSANNUAL PRECIPITATIONAQUATIC ECOSYSTEMSAVAILABLE WATERAVAILABLE WATER RESOURCESBASIN ECOSYSTEMSBIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMANDBODCANCERCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCHANNELCHANNELSCIVIL SOCIETYCLEAN-UPCLIMATE CHANGECODCONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKCONSTRUCTIONCONSUMPTIVE USECOST OF WATERCOST RECOVERYCOST RECOVERY POLICIESCUBIC METERDECISION MAKINGDEMAND FOR WATERDEMAND MANAGEMENTDESALINATIONDISTRIBUTION OF WATERDRINKING WATERECOSYSTEMEFFICIENT USE OF WATEREFFICIENT WATER USEEFFLUENTENFORCEABLE RIGHTSENVIRONMENTALENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTSENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL FLOWSENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENTENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONENVIRONMENTAL QUALITYEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONEXPLOITABLE WATERFARMERSFLOOD CONTROLFOOD SECURITYFRESHWATER RESOURCESGASGLOBAL WARMINGGROUNDWATERGROUNDWATER DEPLETIONGROUNDWATER MANAGEMENTGROUNDWATER WITHDRAWALSHOUSEHOLDSINDUSTRIAL DISCHARGESINDUSTRIAL WASTEWATERINFORMATION DISCLOSUREINTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENTIRRIGATION DISTRICTIRRIGATION SYSTEMSLAKESLAND USELEGISLATIONLITERS PER CAPITA PER DAYLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL WATERLOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDSMANAGEMENT OF WATERMORTALITY RATEMUNICIPAL SEWAGEMUNICIPAL WASTEWATERMUNICIPAL WATERMUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLYNATIONAL WATER RESOURCESNITROGENNONPOINT SOURCESPERMITSPERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTSPIPED WATERPOLLUTION CONTROLPOLLUTION CONTROL REQUIREMENTSPOLLUTION DISCHARGEPOPULATION GROWTHPROGRAMSPROTECTION OF WETLANDSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC PARTICIPATIONQUALITY OF SERVICEQUALITY STANDARDSQUOTASRAINFALL PATTERNSRECHARGEREMOTE SENSINGRENEWABLE WATER RESOURCESRESERVOIRSRESIDENTIAL CONSUMERSRESOURCE CONSERVATIONRIVER BASINRIVER BASIN MANAGEMENTRIVER BASINSRIVERSSAFE DRINKING WATERSCARCE WATERSCARCE WATER RESOURCESSCARCITY OF WATERSCIENCESSEASEASSERVICE PROVIDERSSERVICE QUALITYSEWAGE TREATMENTSMALL CITIESSMALL TOWNSSUBSIDENCESUPPLY OF WATERSURFACE RUNOFFSURFACE WATERSURFACE WATER BODIESSURFACE WATER QUALITYSUSTAINABLE USESUSTAINABLE WATERSUSTAINABLE WATER USETARIFF REFORMTARIFF STRUCTURETOWNTOXIC CHEMICALSTRANSFER OF WATER RIGHTSTRANSPARENCYURBAN AREASURBAN WATERURBAN WATER UTILITIESVARIABLE RAINFALLWASTE DISPOSALWASTEWATER DISCHARGEWASTEWATER DISCHARGE CONTROLWASTEWATER SERVICESWASTEWATER TREATMENTWASTEWATER TREATMENT CAPACITYWATER ABSTRACTIONWATER AFFAIRSWATER ALLOCATIONWATER ALLOCATIONSWATER AVAILABILITYWATER CONSERVATIONWATER CONSUMPTIONWATER CONTENTWATER CRISISWATER DEMANDWATER DEVELOPMENTWATER ENTITLEMENTSWATER EXPLOITATIONWATER GOVERNANCEWATER LAWWATER MANAGEMENTWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMWATER MARKETWATER MARKETSWATER MONITORINGWATER POLICYWATER POLLUTIONWATER POLLUTION CONTROLWATER PRICINGWATER QUALITYWATER QUALITY DATAWATER QUALITY INDEXWATER QUALITY MANAGEMENTWATER QUANTITYWATER RECYCLINGWATER REQUIREMENTSWATER RESOURCEWATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENTWATER RESOURCESWATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENTWATER REUSEWATER RIGHTSWATER SCARCITYWATER SECTORWATER SHORTAGEWATER SHORTAGESWATER SOURCESWATER SUPPLIESWATER SUPPLYWATER SUPPLY ACTIVITIESWATER SUPPLY SERVICESWATER SYSTEMWATER SYSTEMSWATER TABLESWATER TARIFFWATER TARIFFSWATER TRANSFERWATER USEWATER USERWATER USERSWATER USESWATER UTILITIESWATER WITHDRAWALWATER WITHDRAWALSWATERSHEDSWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7645-4