Dominguez-Torres, CarolinaFoster, Vivien2012-03-192012-03-192011-06-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3462Between 2000 and 2005 infrastructure made a net contribution of less than a third of a percentage point to the improved per capita growth performance of Niger, one of the lowest contributions in Sub-Saharan Africa. Raising the country's infrastructure endowment to that of the region s middle-income countries could boost annual growth in Niger by about 4.5 percentage points. Niger has made significant progress in some areas of its infrastructure, including water and telecommunications. But the country still faces a number of important infrastructure challenges, the most pressing of which is probably in the water and sanitation sector, as 82 percent of Nigeriens still practice open defecation, the highest in the continent. Niger also faces significant challenges in the power sector, as only 8 percent of the population is electrified. Niger currently spends about $225 million per year on infrastructure, leaving an annual funding gap of $460 million even after savings from curing inefficiencies are taken into account. Niger can close that gap by tapping alternative sources of financing or by adopting lower-cost technologies. There is plenty of room for private-sector participation in Niger's infrastructure sectors, and the adoption of lower-cost technologies could reduce the funding gap by almost half.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO ELECTRICITYACCESS TO SAFE WATERACCESSIBILITYAIRAIR FLEETAIR TRAFFICAIR TRAFFIC CONTROLAIR TRANSPORTAIR TRANSPORT SECTORAIRCRAFTAIRPORTSAIRWAYSALLOCATING WATER RIGHTSAVAILABILITYBALANCEBANDWIDTHBASINSBORDER CROSSINGBORDER CROSSINGSBOREHOLESBRIDGECABLECANAL MAINTENANCECANALSCAPITAL COSTSCAPITAL EXPENDITURECAPITAL EXPENDITURESCAPITAL INVESTMENTCAPITAL INVESTMENTSCARCARBON EMISSIONSCARGOCARRIERSCOALCOAL RESERVESCOMBUSTIONCOMBUSTION OF BIOMASSCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGCOMPETITIVE MARKETSCONCESSIONCONCESSION AGREEMENTCONCESSIONSCONTAINER TERMINALCONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENTSCOST OF POWERCOST OF POWER PRODUCTIONCOST RECOVERYCOVERINGCUBIC METERCUBIC METERSDAMSDEMAND FOR WATERDIESELDIGITAL SUBSCRIBERDISCOUNT RATEDISTRIBUTION LOSSESDOMESTIC WATER CONSUMPTIONDRIVINGECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC PERFORMANCEELECTRICITYELECTRICITY GENERATIONELECTRICITY SUPPLYELECTRICITY UTILITYENGINEERINGFINANCIAL EQUILIBRIUMFINANCIAL PERFORMANCEFLUSH TOILETSFORESTRY RESOURCESFORWARDERSFREIGHTFREIGHT FORWARDERSFREIGHT TRAFFICFUELFUEL PRICESFUELSGASOLINEGENERATIONGENERATION CAPACITYGENERATION COSTSGENERATORSGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTHOLDING COMPANYHOUSEHOLDSHYDROPOWERINCUMBENT OPERATORINFRASTRUCTURE ASSETSINFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTINFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENTSINFRASTRUCTURE SERVICESINFRASTRUCTURE SPENDINGINFRASTRUCTURESINLAND TRANSPORTINTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORTINTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATIONINTERNATIONAL AIRPORTINTERNATIONAL AIRPORTSINTERNATIONAL AVIATIONINTERNATIONAL FINANCEINTERNATIONAL MARKETSINTERNATIONAL TRAVELINVESTMENT COSTINVESTMENT COSTSINVESTMENT TARGETSIRRIGATIONIRRIGATION SYSTEMSKILOWATT-HOURLANDLORD MODELLEVEL OF SAFETYLOCOMOTIVEMAINTENANCE COSTSMAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTSMARKET ACCESSMARKET CONCENTRATIONMEANS OF TRANSPORTMINERAL RESOURCESNATURAL RESOURCESO&MOILOIL RESOURCESOPEN ACCESSOPERATIONAL COSTSOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYOPERATORSPASSENGER TRAFFICPERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENTSPETROLEUMPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPIPED WATERPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION GROWTHPOWERPOWER COSTSPOWER GENERATIONPOWER SECTORPOWER SHORTAGEPOWER SHORTAGESPRESSUREPRICE OF FUELPRICE OF POWERPRIVATE FINANCINGPRIVATE OPERATORPRIVATE PARTICIPATIONPRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATIONPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC WORKSRAILRAIL SYSTEMRAILROADRAILROADSRAILWAYRAILWAY LINERAILWAYSRAINRAINFALLREGIONAL PUBLIC GOODSREGIONAL TRANSPORTREGULATORY AGENCYRESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERSREVENUE COLLECTIONROADROAD CONDITIONSROAD MAINTENANCEROAD NETWORKROAD NETWORKSROAD SECTORROAD TRAFFICROAD TRANSPORTROAD USERROAD USER CHARGESROAD USERSROADSROUTERURAL COMMUNITIESRURAL ROADSRURAL WATERRURAL WATER SUPPLYSAFETYSAFETY STANDARDSSANITATIONSANITATION SECTORSANITATION UTILITIESSEAT CAPACITYSERVICE QUALITYSUPPLY OF ELECTRICITYSURFACE TRANSPORTSURFACE TRANSPORTATIONSURFACE WATERTARIFF ADJUSTMENTSTARIFF POLICYTELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICESTHERMAL POWERTOWNSTRADITIONAL FUELSTRAFFICTRAFFIC LEVELSTRANSITTRANSMISSION LINESTRANSPORT EFFICIENCYTRANSPORT FACILITATIONTRANSPORT INDICATORSTRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURETRANSPORT MARKETTRANSPORT SECTORTRANSPORTATIONTRAVEL TIMESTRIPSTRUCKSURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERSURBAN ROADURBAN WATERURBAN WATER SERVICESVEHICLESVOLUME OF TRAFFICWATER CONNECTIONSWATER CONSUMPTIONWATER DEMANDWATER RESOURCESWATER SECTORWATER SECTOR REFORMWATER SHORTAGESWATER SUPPLYWATER SUPPLY SECTORWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMSWATER TARIFFWATER TARIFFSWATER USEWATER UTILITIESWELLSWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5698