World Bank2013-06-052013-06-052009978-0-8213-7754-3https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13804Banking the Poor presents new data collected from two sources: central banks, and leading commercial banks in each surveyed country. It explores associations between countries' banking policies and practices, and their levels of financial access measured in terms of the numbers of bank accounts per thousand adults. It builds on the previous work of measuring financial access through information obtained from regulators, banks, and household surveys. It explores associations between countries' banking policies and practices, and their levels of financial access, measured in terms of the numbers of bank accounts per thousand adults. The extent to which people are banked depends primarily on how wealthy they are. Even in the poorest countries, rich urban customers get access to good banking. Although there are a range of financial services used by the poorest, these are usually provided outside the formal banking system. Banks are used by those above this threshold, usually by salaried employees who have the steady income. Naturally banks are more likely to seek out users with a steady, predicatable income. Expanding credit for enterprises leads to the creation of a salaried class that wants to bank: this is the primary way to increase bank access. While bank clients make up the largest part of those using financial services in most countries, incorporating other formal financial institutions would yield a more comprehensive picture of the population that enjoys access to modern financial services.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOAccess to accountaccess to bankingaccess to banking servicesaccess to creditaccess to financeaccessibilityaccount holdersaccount maintenanceAccountabilityaccountingapplication proceduresasset accumulationATM cardATM cardsATM networksATM withdrawalsaverage balancebalance inquiriesBalance inquirybalance sheetbank accessbank accountbank accountsbank assetsbank branchbank branchesbank creditbank customerbank customersbank feesBank of Tanzaniabank servicesbanking feesbanking industrybanking sectorbanking servicebanking servicesBanksbarrierBribesbusiness capitalbusiness loanbusiness planscapital loanscash paymentsCash withdrawalscasual workerscentral bankscheckingchecking accountchecking accountsclearing systemsclient basescollateralCommercial Bankcommercial banksconsumer goodsconsumer protectionconsumer protection lawsCopyright ClearanceCopyright Clearance Centercredit applicationcredit cardcredit cardscredit constraintscredit informationcredit unioncredit-scoringcreditorscreditscustomer servicesdebit carddebit cardsdebtdepositdeposit accountsdepositorsdepositsdeveloping countriesDevelopment Bankdiscriminationdiversificationdocumentation requirementdocumentation requirementsearningseconomies of scaleelectronic bankingelectronic paymentelectronic paymentselectronic transferElectronic Transfer Accountelectronic transfer accountselectronic transfersemployeremployment growthentrepreneurentrepreneursexpenditureexpendituresfamiliesfinancial accessfinancial developmentfinancial educationfinancial flowsfinancial literacyfinancial performanceFinancial ServicesFinancial Services industryfinancial statementsfinancial supportfixed costfixed costsforeign banksformal bankingformal banking systemFormal banksformal financial institutionsformal savingsGood creditgroup lendingGuarantee schemehome countryhousehold incomehouseholdsHousinghusbandhusbandsIDidentity documentidentity documentsIDsilliteracyinactive accountsincome categoriesincome groupsincomesindividual accountsinformal borrowingInformal savingsinsuranceInternational BankJob creationjob securitylegislationlevels of accessliquidityloanloan amountloan applicationloan application proceduresloan applicationsloan processesmarginal costsmarket penetrationmerchantsmicrocreditMicrofinancemicrofinance institutionsMigrant workersminimum balanceminimum balancesminimum wagemobile bankingmoney launderingmoney ordersMoney transfermoney transfersnew entrantsoverdraftpayment cardspayment servicespayment systempayment systemspayments infrastructurepayments systemspenaltiespensionpersonal savingspoint-of-salepoint-of-sale terminalspoor clientsPOOR CreditportfolioPost OfficePost Office SavingsPost Office Savings Bankpost officesPostal bankspostal savingsPrivate creditprivate savingspurchasing powerreal assetsreceiptreceiptsregulatorsregulatory authoritiesremittanceremittancesRemote bankingretirementrural bankingsavingssavings accountsavings accountssavings bankssavings groupssavings planssavings productsavings productssavings programssavings schemessavings servicessecuritiessmall borrowerssmall enterprisessmall loansSocial Developmentsocial welfarespecial savingsState Banksubsidiariessubsidiarytaxtax incentivestellersTime depositstransparencytransportTreasuryunemploymentUnionurban areasVulnerable Groupsworking capitalWorld Development IndicatorsWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7754-3