World Health OrganizationUNICEFUNFPAWorld Bank GroupUnited Nations2016-01-042016-01-042015-129789241565141https://hdl.handle.net/10986/23550In 2000, the United Nations (UN) Member States pledged to work towards a series of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), including the target of a three-quarters reduction in the 1990 maternal mortality ratio (MMR; maternal deaths per 100 000 live births), to be achieved by 2015. This target (MDG 5A) and that of achieving universal access to reproductive health (MDG 5B) together formed the two targets for MDG 5: Improve maternal health. In the five years counting down to the conclusion of the MDGs, a number of initiatives were established to galvanize efforts towards reducing maternal mortality. These included the UN Secretary-General’s Global Strategy for Women’s and Children’s Health, which mobilized efforts towards achieving MDG 4 (Improve child health) as well as MDG 5, and the high-level Commission on Information and Accountability (COIA), which promoted “global reporting, oversight, and accountability on women’s and children’s health”. Now, building on the momentum generated by MDG 5, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) establish a transformative new agenda for maternal health towards ending preventable maternal mortality; target 3.1 of SDG 3 is to reduce the global MMR to less than 70 per 100 000 live births by 2030.en-USCC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGOCHILD HEALTHCHILDBIRTH COMPLICATIONSUNITED NATIONS POPULATION DIVISIONMATERNAL DEATHREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHPOPULATION STRUCTURESHEALTH-CARE FACILITIESMORTALITY REDUCTIONEARLY PREGNANCYPOPULATION REFERENCE BUREAUANTENATAL CAREHUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSMATERNAL MORTALITY DATATERMINATION OF PREGNANCYLIVE BIRTHSREDUCING MATERNAL MORTALITYHUMAN REPRODUCTIONWOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGEHEALTH INSURANCEDISCRIMINATIONHEALTH CAREACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROMELEGAL STATUSFAMILY MEMBERSUNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUNDFAMILY PLANNING METHODSEPIDEMICHEALTH WORKERSPUBLICATIONSDEVELOPMENT GOALSLITERACY RATESPOPULATION FUNDSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSTRATEGY FOR WOMENHOSPITALLIFE EXPECTANCYRESEARCH INSTITUTIONSNATIONAL POPULATIONCIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEMSMATERNAL MORTALITYINEQUITIESDEMOGRAPHERSKNOWLEDGELIFETIME RISKPREGNANCY-RELATED CAUSESPREGNANT WOMANMINISTRY OF HEALTHNEWBORNSDISEASESAIDS EPIDEMICMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALCAUSES OF DEATHPREGNANCIESTRAININGLOW-INCOME COUNTRIESPOPULATION DIVISIONGENDER MAINSTREAMINGHEALTH SYSTEMSBABYFERTILITY RATEPALESTINIAN TERRITORYEMERGENCIESCHILDBEARING AGEMATERNAL CAUSESVULNERABLE POPULATIONSTETANUSHIV INFECTIONMODERN FAMILY PLANNING METHODSHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSMORTALITY RATEMATERNAL MORTALITY REDUCTIONNATIONAL COMMITTEESERVICE DELIVERYPOSTPARTUM PERIODGLOBAL HEALTHGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTMORTALITYRESPECTPROGRESSPERINATAL MORBIDITYSKILLED ATTENDANTAIDS DEATHSCHILDBIRTHINFANT MORTALITYLARGE POPULATIONSINFANTLIVE BIRTHOBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONSQUALITY OF CAREAGE MORTALITYMORTALITY LEVELSADOLESCENT GIRLSCAESAREAN SECTIONHIVMATERNAL HEALTH SERVICESSCHOOL ATTENDANCEEMPOWERING WOMENWOMANACCESS TO MATERNITY SERVICESHEALTH POLICYNATIONAL LEVELSPURCHASING POWERMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIOSHEALTH-CARE PROVIDERSUNIVERSAL ACCESSMATERNITY SERVICESWORKSHOPFAMILY PLANNINGREFUGEESSERVICE UTILIZATIONPOPULATIONSMOTHERPREGNANCY-RELATED DEATHSMALARIAADOLESCENTSCOMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCYCHILDBEARINGPOLICYWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONREPRODUCTIVE AGEMATERNAL MORTALITY RATIONUMBER OF WOMENHEALTH SYSTEMSOCIAL AFFAIRSHUMAN LIFEHUMAN RIGHTSPREGNANT WOMENMATERNAL HEALTHMODERN FAMILY PLANNINGREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICESCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESMODERN FAMILYMORTALITY RATIORESOLUTIONMATERNAL DEATHSMORTALITY DECLINESHEALTH PROBLEMSWORLD POPULATIONCENSUSESMIDWIVESGLOBAL AIDS EPIDEMICNUMBER OF DEATHSTRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTSVITAL STATISTICSPOPULATIONPURCHASING POWER PARITYUNFPAMATERNAL MORTALITY RATENEWBORN HEALTHPREGNANCY STATUSFERTILITYREGISTRATION SYSTEMSCHILD HEALTH SERVICESMATERNITY CAREWOMENRISK OF DEATHEMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CAREEFFECTIVE ACTIONNEWBORNOBSTETRIC CAREAIDSMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALSCOMPLICATIONSHEALTH SERVICESPREGNANCYABORTIONLEVEL OF FERTILITYSKILLED ATTENDANTSNATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMSHUMAN DEVELOPMENTBookWorld Health Organization10.1596/978-9-2415-6514-1