Carletto, CalogeroKilic, TalipKirk, Angeli2012-03-192012-03-192009-11-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/4335This study documents the long-term welfare effects of household non-traditional agricultural export (NTX) adoption. The analysis uses a unique panel dataset, which spans the period 1985-2005, and employs difference-in-differences estimation to investigate the long-term impact of non-traditional agricultural export adoption on changes in household consumption status and asset position in the Central Highlands of Guatemala. Given the heterogeneity in adoption patterns, the analysis differentiates the impact estimates based on a classification of households that takes into account the timing and duration of non-traditional agricultural export adoption. The results show that while, on average, welfare levels have improved for all households irrespective of adoption status and duration, the extent of improvement has varied across groups. Long-term adopters exhibit the smallest increase in the lapse of two decades, in spite of some early gains. Conversely, early adopters who withdrew from non-traditional agricultural export production after reaping the benefits of the boom period of the 1980s are found to have fared better and shown greater improvements in durable asset position and housing conditions than any other category.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO HOUSEHOLDACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTUREADVERSE EFFECTSAGENCY PROBLEMSAGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSAGRICULTURAL EXPORTSAGRICULTURAL GROWTHAGRICULTURAL INCOMESAGRICULTURAL INPUTSAGRICULTURAL LANDAGRICULTURAL PRACTICESAGRICULTURAL PRODUCEAGRICULTURAL SEASONAGRICULTURAL SECTORAGRICULTUREANTI-POVERTYASSETSBANKRUPTCYBEANSBOUNDED RATIONALITYBROCCOLICARROTSCASH CROPSCHILD LABORCOMMERCIALIZATIONCOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVENESSCONSUMER PRICE INDEXCONSUMPTION LEVELSCONTRACT FARMINGCOTTONCROPCROP DIVERSIFICATIONCROP LOSSESCROP PRODUCTIONCROPSCULTIVATIONDEVALUATIONDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGYDIVERSIFICATIONDURABLE GOODSECONOMIC SITUATIONEMPLOYMENT INCOMEEXCHANGE RATESEXPORT COMPANIESEXPORT CROPSEXPORTSEXTENSIONFAOFARMFARM ACTIVITIESFARM EMPLOYMENTFARM EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESFARM HOUSEHOLDSFARM INCOMEFARM INCOMESFARM LABORFARM MANAGEMENTFARM SELF-EMPLOYMENTFARM SIZEFARM-GATEFARMERFARMER GROUPSFARMERSFARMSFEMALE HOUSEHOLD MEMBERSFERTILIZERFIXED COSTSFOOD AVAILABILITYFOOD COMMODITIESFOOD CONSUMPTIONFOOD EXPENDITURESFOOD POLICYFOOD PRODUCTIONFOOD SECURITYFRUITSGDPGENDERHARVESTSHORTICULTURAL PRODUCTIONHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALIFPRIINCOMEINCOME GENERATIONINCOME LEVELSINCOMESINTERCROPPINGINTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTEINTERNATIONAL TRADEIRRIGATIONLAISSEZ FAIRELAND ACCESSLAND DISTRIBUTIONLAND HOLDINGSLAND OWNERSHIPLAND TENURELANDHOLDINGSLIVELIHOOD STRATEGIESLIVELIHOODSLIVESTOCKLIVING STANDARDSMAIZEMALNUTRITIONMARKETINGMULTIPLIER EFFECTSNATIONAL POVERTYNATIONAL POVERTY RATENEGATIVE EXTERNALITIESNUTRITIONNUTRITIONAL STATUSOPPORTUNITY COSTPEASPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPEST CONTROLPEST MANAGEMENTPESTICIDEPESTICIDE RESIDUEPOOR FARMERSPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR SMALLHOLDERSPOOREST HOUSEHOLDSPOVERTY ALLEVIATIONPOVERTY ASSESSMENTPOVERTY RATESPRODUCT MARKETSPRODUCTION COSTSPRODUCTION PROCESSREGIONAL COMPETITIONREGIONAL PRODUCTIONREMOTE LOCATIONSRICERURAL AREASRURAL CREDITRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL LIVING STANDARDSRURAL POORRURAL POPULATIONSELF-EMPLOYMENTSMALL FARMSSMALL-SCALE FARMINGSMALLHOLDER FARMERSSOIL DEGRADATIONSOIL QUALITYSUBSISTENCESUBSISTENCE FARMERSSUGARCANETECHNICAL ASSISTANCETEXTILESUNEMPLOYMENTVEGETABLE CROPSVEGETABLE PRODUCTIONVEGETABLESVILLAGE LEVELWAGESWEALTHWELFARE IMPROVEMENTSWELFARE INDICATORYIELDSWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5142