Fan, QimiaoReis, José GuilhermeJarvis, MichaelBeath, AndrewFrauscher, Kathrin2012-06-012012-06-012008978-0-8213-7363-7https://hdl.handle.net/10986/6922This book seeks to contribute to the sharing of knowledge between Brazil, India, and South Africa, three of the largest emerging economies today. By assessing and comparing the investment climate in each, the authors seek to profile concrete steps that countries can take to improve the business environment. The authors focus particularly on identifying the commonalities and differences both within and among the three countries and attempt to highlight examples where policy makers will be able to drawn on the lessons from their own reform experiences and those of their counterparts in other core emerging markets. The book is organized as follows: (1) Provides a brief overview of the investment climate in each of the three countries, highlighting the key constraints identified by the national business communities, and explains the underlying concepts of the investment climate assessments and doing business indicators. (2) Examines the macroeconomic performance of Brazil, India, and South Africa and shows how the three countries perform with regard to taxation and foreign trade and exchange. (3) Reviews key microeconomic regulations, such as rules regarding the entry and exit of firms and labor regulations, and assesses the enforcement of contracts and regulations. (4) Studies the set of services, factors, and conditions that firms require when establishing operations and engaging in production and exchange, including access to finance, physical infrastructure, cost and availability of labor, and security. (5) Offers guidance on how to manage investment climate reforms by showcasing best-practice examples from recent reforms in Brazil, India, and South Africa.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO CREDITADMINISTRATIVE BURDENANNUAL PAYMENTSASSET-BUILDINGASSET-BUILDING PROGRAMAVERAGE PRODUCTIVITYAVERAGE WAGEBANKRUPTCYBANKRUPTCY LAWSBANKRUPTCY PROCEDURESBARRIERS TO COMPETITIONBARRIERS TO ENTRYBENCHMARKINGBEST PRACTICESBINDING CONSTRAINTSBUSINESS COMMUNITIESBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTBUSINESS EXPANSIONBUSINESS OPERATIONSCALCULATIONCALCULATIONSCAPACITY DEVELOPMENTCAPACITY ENHANCEMENTCAPITAL GOODSCAPITAL INVESTMENTCAPITAL STOCKCHRONIC INFLATIONCOLLATERALCOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGYCOMPETITIVENESSCONSUMPTION TAXESCONTRIBUTIONSCOPYRIGHT CLEARANCECOPYRIGHT CLEARANCE CENTERCORPORATE PROFITSCORPORATE RESPONSIBILITYCORPORATE TAXCORPORATE TAX RATECORPORATE TAXESCOST OF CREDITCOST OF FINANCECREDIT INFORMATIONCREDIT INFORMATION BUREAUCREDIT INFORMATION REGISTRIESCREDIT MARKETSCREDITORCREDITOR RIGHTSCUSTOMS CLEARANCESCUSTOMS UNIONDEEDSDEMOCRACYDEPRECIATIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGYDIRECT COSTSDOMESTIC ECONOMYDOMESTIC MARKETECONOMETRIC EVIDENCEECONOMIC INEQUALITYECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC REFORMECONOMIC VALUEEFFICIENT INVESTMENTSEMERGING ECONOMIESEMERGING MARKETSEMPLOYMENTENABLING ENVIRONMENTENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTSENTRY BARRIERSEXCHANGE RATEEXCHANGE RATE REGIMEEXCHANGE RATESEXPORTERSEXPORTSFACTORS OF PRODUCTIONFINANCIAL ASSETSFISCAL YEARSFIXED CAPITALFIXED EXCHANGE RATEFLOATING EXCHANGE RATEFOREIGN FIRMSFOREIGN MARKETSFOREIGN TRADEGDPGDP PER CAPITAGLOBALIZATIONGOVERNMENT REVENUESGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS PROFITGROSS REVENUESGROWTH RATESHOLDINGHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALINCOMEINEFFICIENCYINFLATIONINFLATION RATESINFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENTINTEREST RATESINTERNATIONAL BANKINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTICSINTERNATIONAL MARKETSINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSINTERNATIONAL TRADEINVENTORIESINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT CLIMATE ASSESSMENTINVESTMENT CLIMATE ASSESSMENTSINVESTMENT CLIMATE REFORMINVESTMENT CLIMATE REFORMSINVESTMENT CLIMATESJUDICIAL SYSTEMLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLAND USELEGAL SYSTEMLEGISLATIONLENDERSLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIVING STANDARDSMACROECONOMIC INSTABILITYMACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCEMACROECONOMIC POLICYMACROECONOMIC PROBLEMSMACROECONOMIC STABILITYMACROECONOMIC VOLATILITYMARKET ENTRYMEDIUM ENTERPRISEMEDIUM ENTERPRISESMIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIESMINIMUM WAGESMINORITY INVESTORSMONETARY FUNDNATIONAL INCOMEOUTPUTOUTSOURCINGPAYROLL TAXESPENALTIESPER CAPITA INCOMEPOLITICAL STABILITYPOOR INVESTMENTPOSSESSIONPREDATORY PRICINGPRICE LEVELSPRICE TAKERSPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPROBABILITYPRODUCTIVITYPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHPROFIT MARGINPROFITABILITYPUBLIC FINANCEPUBLIC GOODSPUBLIC REGISTRYPURCHASING POWERQUESTIONNAIRERAPID ECONOMIC GROWTHRAPID GROWTHRATES OF GROWTHRATES OF INFLATIONRATES OF INTERESTREAL GDPREAL INTERESTRECESSIONREGIONAL TRADEREGISTRATION FEESREGISTRATION PROCESSREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTREGULATORY ENVIRONMENTSREGULATORY RESTRICTIONSRENTSRESPONSIBILITIESRULE OF LAWSALARYSALESALESSECURITY INTERESTSENIORSKILLED WORKERSSMALL ENTERPRISESMALL ENTERPRISESSMALLER ENTERPRISESSOCIAL SECURITYSTAKEHOLDERSSTAMP DUTIESSTATE TAXSUB-SAHARAN AFRICASUBSIDIARYTARIFF BARRIERSTAXTAX ADMINISTRATIONTAX POLICIESTAX RATETAX RATESTAX REFORMTAX REGIMETAX REVENUESTAX SYSTEMTAX SYSTEMSTAXATIONTAXATION POLICIESTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNOLOGY TRANSFERTOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITYTOTAL OUTPUTTRADE POLICYTRADE RELATIONSTRADINGTRANSACTIONTRANSPORTVALUABLEVALUE ADDEDVALUE ADDED TAXESWAGESWAREHOUSEWEALTHWORLD TRADEWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-7363-7