Pilgrim, NickRoche, BobKalbermatteni, JohnRevels, CathyKariuki, Mukami2012-08-132012-08-132008-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/11761In Africa, Asia, and Latin America, the number of towns and their populations are expected to double within 15 years, and again within 30. Already, one-third of Africans and Asians live in towns of 2,000 to 200,000 people. This rapid urbanization makes improving water supply and sanitation services (WSS) central to economic growth and to achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. But sustainable provision of these services, particularly in small towns, presents challenges that may require new approaches to planning, financing, and service delivery. This guidance note on the principles of town WSS provides a methodology for setting targets and mobilizing resources to achieve these targets. The key activities proposed include: clarifying key actors' roles, consulting with users, defining service levels based on user preferences and willingness to pay, confirming investment sources, phasing in investments incrementally to reflect demand, analyzing costs and revenues realistically, identifying professional support, establishing systems for monitoring progress, and allowing for periodic review and revision of the business plan.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTINGBUSINESS PLANCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCENTRAL GOVERNMENTSCHECKSCOLLECTION PERFORMANCECOMMUNITY WATERCONNECTION FEESCONNECTIONSCONNECTIONS FOR LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDSCONSTRUCTIONCONSUMERCONSUMERSCONTRACT ARBITRATIONCOST RECOVERYCROSS-SUBSIDIESDEBTEXCESS CAPACITYEXTERNAL FINANCINGFINANCIAL ADVISORSFINANCIAL ASSISTANCEFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITYFINANCIAL VIABILITYFRANCHISE ARRANGEMENTGRANT FINANCINGHOUSEHOLD CONNECTIONHOUSEHOLDSIMPROVING WATER SUPPLYINCOMEINCOME LEVELSLARGE CITIESLARGER UTILITIESLOCAL AUTHORITIESLOCAL OPERATORLOCAL OPERATORSLOW-INCOMEMARKETINGMETER READINGMONITORING PROCEDURESMUNICIPAL COUNCILMUNICIPAL WATERMUNICIPAL WATER DEPARTMENTSPERFORMANCE CONTRACTPERFORMANCE CONTRACTSPERFORMANCE INCENTIVESPIPED WATERPRIVATE FINANCINGPRIVATE OPERATORPRIVATE OPERATORSPRIVATE WATER SUPPLYPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH REGULATIONRAPID URBANIZATIONREPAYMENTSRESERVOIRSSANITATIONSANITATION UTILITIESSELF-SUFFICIENCYSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE QUALITYSERVICE STANDARDSSEWERAGESEWERAGE SYSTEMSSMALL TOWNSSMALLER TOWNSSTAKEHOLDERTARIFF CHARGESTOWNTOWN WATERTOWN WATER SUPPLYTOWNSURBAN CENTERSUSERSUTILITIESWASTEWATERWATER BOARDSWATER QUALITYWATER RIGHTSWATER SALESWATER SECTORWATER SUPPLY COMPANIESWATER SUPPLY OPERATORSWATER SUPPLY SYSTEMSWATER USERWorld Bank10.1596/11761