Consultative Group to Assist the Poor2013-03-212013-03-212009-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12843Financial Access 2009 introduces the latest data from a survey of financial regulators in 139 countries. It presents indicators of access to savings, credit, and payment services in banks, and in regulated nonbank financial institutions. It is intended for a broad audience of policymakers, researchers, practitioners, multilateral and bilateral investors, in order to guide monetary policy, monitor systemic risks, and collect information on the values of deposits and credit. This report reviews three interventions: disclosure requirements, interest rate caps, and methods to address excessive lending that can result in consumer indebtedness. Improved transparency and disclosure allow borrowers to make informed choices and can facilitate competition in financial markets, eventually leading to lower prices and improved products. Policies to restrict interest rates or credit quantity, especially in consumer credit, seem to have limited effect but require further analysis.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS POINTACCESS POINTSACCESS TO CREDITACCESS TO FINANCEACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICESACCESS TO SAVINGACCESS TO SAVINGSACCOUNT HOLDERSACCOUNT OWNERSHIPACCOUNTINGADMINISTRATIVE COSTSAPPROVAL PROCESSASSET BUILDINGATMATMSAVERAGE BALANCESBALANCE SHEETSBANK ACCOUNTBANK ACCOUNTSBANK BORROWERSBANK BRANCHBANK BRANCH NETWORKSBANK BRANCHESBANK DATABANK DEPOSITBANK DEPOSITSBANK LENDINGBANK LOANBANK LOANSBANK OFFICIALSBANKING ACCOUNTSBANKING NETWORKSBANKING SERVICESBANKING SYSTEMBASIC BANKINGBENEFICIARIESBIASESBORROWERBORROWINGBRIBEBUSINESS FINANCESCASH DEPOSITCASH PAYMENTSCOLLATERALCOMMERCIAL BANKCOMMERCIAL BANKINGCOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONCOMPLIANCE COSTSCONSUMERCONSUMER CREDITCONSUMER LENDINGCONSUMER PROTECTIONCONSUMERSCONTRIBUTIONCONTRIBUTIONSCOOPERATIVESCORRUPTIONCOST OF CREDITCREDIT BUREAUCREDIT BUREAUSCREDIT CARDCREDIT DECISIONSCREDIT HISTORYCREDIT INFORMATIONCREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEMCREDIT INFORMATION SYSTEMSCREDIT INSTITUTIONSCREDIT MARKETCREDIT MARKETSCREDIT PORTFOLIOCREDIT PRODUCTSCREDIT PROVIDERCREDIT PROVIDERSCREDIT REGISTRIESCREDIT REGISTRYCREDIT UNIONSCREDITORCREDITORSDEBIT CARDDEBIT CARDSDEBTDEPOSITDEPOSIT ACCOUNTDEPOSIT ACCOUNTSDEPOSIT INSURANCEDEPOSITORDEPOSITORSDEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONSDEPOSITSDEVELOPMENT BANKDEVELOPMENT BANKSDEVELOPMENT FINANCEDEVELOPMENT FINANCE INSTITUTIONSDIRECT COSTSDIRECT DEPOSITSDIRECT FINANCINGDISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTDISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTSDOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC POLICIESELECTRONIC TRANSFERSENTREPRENEURSEXCLUSIONFAMILIESFARMERSFINANCESFINANCIAL ACCESSFINANCIAL ACCESS INDICATORSFINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL LITERACYFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL OBLIGATIONSFINANCIAL PRODUCTSFINANCIAL REGULATORFINANCIAL REGULATORSFINANCIAL SERVICEFINANCIAL SERVICE PROVIDERSFINANCIAL STABILITYFINANCIAL SYSTEMFINANCIAL SYSTEMSFIXED COSTSFORMAL BANKFORMAL CREDITFORMAL FINANCIAL SECTORFORMAL FINANCIAL SERVICESFORMAL LENDINGGROUPS OF PEOPLEGUARANTEE SCHEMEHIGH INTEREST RATESHOUSEHOLDSINCOMEINDEBTEDNESSINDICATORS OF ACCESSINDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTSINFLATIONINFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSINFORMAL SAVINGSINFORMATION ASYMMETRIESINFORMATION SHARINGINFORMATION SYSTEMINFORMED CHOICESINITIAL DEPOSITSINSURANCE SCHEMEINTEREST RATEINTEREST RATESLENDERLENDERSLOANLOAN SIZELOAN SIZESLOAN TERMSLOW INCOMELOW MINIMUM BALANCESLOW-INCOMELOWER INCOMEMAINTENANCE FEEMAINTENANCE FEESMARKETINGMICROCREDITMICROFINANCEMICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONSMINIMUM BALANCEMONETARY POLICYMONEY LAUNDERINGMONEY LENDERSMONEYLENDERSMONTHLY FEEMONTHLY PAYMENTSOPERATING COSTOUTREACHOUTSTANDING LOANSPAYMENT SERVICESPAYMENTS SERVICESPENSIONSPOINT-OF-SALEPOINT-OF-SALE TERMINALSPOOR BORROWERSPOOR CLIENTSPOSTAL BANKPOSTAL BANKINGPOSTAL BANKSPRIVATE CREDITPRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSPRIVATE SAVINGSPUBLIC CREDITQUESTIONNAIRERECORD KEEPINGREGULAR PAYMENTSREGULAR SAVINGSREPAYMENTRISK MITIGATIONRURAL BRANCHESRURAL CLIENTSSAVERSSAVINGSSAVINGS ACCOUNTSSAVINGS PROGRAMSSAVINGS RATESAVINGS SERVICESSMALL BUSINESSSMALL BUSINESS OWNERSSMALL BUSINESSESSMALL ENTERPRISESSMALL ENTREPRENEURSSMALL LOANSSMART CARDSSOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL SECURITYSOURCE OF CREDITSOURCE OF FUNDSSOURCES OF CREDITTAX ADVANTAGESTAX BREAKSTAX INCENTIVETAX INCENTIVESTERM CREDITTRANSACTION COSTSUNEMPLOYMENTUNSTABLE INCOMESUSURYUSURY CEILINGSVALUABLEVILLAGESVULNERABLE GROUPSWAGEWAGESWORTHWorld Bank10.1596/12843