Barnett, JonWebber, Michael2012-03-192012-03-192010-04-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3757This paper explains how climate change may increase future migration, and which risks are associated with such migration. It also examines how some of this migration may enhance the capacity of communities to adapt to climate change. Climate change is likely to result in some increase above baseline rates of migration in the next 40 years. Most of this migration will occur within developing countries. There is little reason to think that such migration will increase the risk of violent conflict. Not all movements in response to climate change will have negative outcomes for the people that move, or the places they come from and go to. Migration, a proven development strategy, can increase the capacity of communities to adapt to climate change. The fewer choices people have about moving, however, the less likely it is that the outcomes of that movement will be positive. Involuntary resettlement should be a last resort. Many of the most dire risks arising from climate-motivated migration can be avoided through careful policy. Policy responses to minimize the risks associated with migration in response to climate change, and to maximize migration s contribution to adaptive capacity include: ensuring that migrants have the same rights and opportunities as host communities; reducing the costs of moving money and people between areas of origin and destination; facilitating mutual understanding among migrants and host communities; clarifying property rights where they are contested; ensuring that efforts to assist migrants include host communities; and strengthening regional and international emergency response systems.CC BY 3.0 IGOACIDIFICATIONAGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENTAIRAIR TEMPERATUREARMED CONFLICTATMOSPHEREBASIC INFRASTRUCTUREBASIC NEEDSBENEFITS OF MIGRATIONBIODIVERSITYCARBONCARBON DIOXIDECITIZENSHIPCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTSCLIMATIC VARIABILITYCLINICSCOMMUNITIES OF ORIGINCONSEQUENCES OF MIGRATIONCORAL REEFSCOUNTRIES OF ORIGINCULTURAL RIGHTSCURRENT POPULATIONCUSTOMARY RIGHTSCYCLONESDAMAGESDEFORESTATIONDESERTIFICATIONDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT OF POLICIESDISASTERSDISCRIMINATIONDISPLACED PEOPLEDISPLACEMENTDROUGHTECOLOGICAL SYSTEMSECONOMIC CHANGESECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPACTSECONOMIC PROBLEMSECONOMIC SECTORSECOSYSTEMEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTELECTRICITYEMERGENCIESEMERGENCY RELIEFEMERGENCY SITUATIONSEMISSIONSEMISSIONS SCENARIOSENVIRONMENTAL CHANGEENVIRONMENTAL CHANGESENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGEENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTSEQUAL RIGHTSEVAPOTRANSPIRATIONEXTREME CLIMATIC EVENTSEXTREME DROUGHTEXTREME EVENTSFAMILIESFAMILY MEMBERSFAMINEFINANCIAL BARRIERSFINANCIAL COSTSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFINANCIAL SERVICESFINANCIAL TRANSFERSFLOODSFLOWS OF PEOPLEFOOD INSECURITYFOOD PRODUCTIONFOOD SECURITYFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFORESTFOREST DEGRADATIONFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEFUTURE POPULATIONGLACIERSGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSGREENHOUSE GASESHEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE SYSTEMSHEALTH PROBLEMSHEALTH RISKSHEALTH SERVICESHOMELESSNESSHOST COMMUNITIESHOST COUNTRYHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONSILL-HEALTHIMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGEINCOMEINDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDSINFECTIOUS DISEASESINFLUX OF REFUGEESINTERMEDIARIESINTERNAL MIGRANTSINTERNAL MIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCEINTERNATIONAL COMMUNITYINTERNATIONAL COVENANTINTERNATIONAL MIGRANTSINTERNATIONAL MIGRATIONINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION POLICIESINTERNATIONAL RESPONSEINVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENTIPCCJOB CREATIONJOBSLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLABOR MIGRANTSLABOR MIGRATIONLABOR SHORTAGESLABOR SUPPLYLAND DEGRADATIONLAND OWNERSHIPLAND TENURELAND USELEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFE EXPECTANCYLIFESTYLESLOCAL COMMUNITIESLOCAL DEVELOPMENTLOCAL GOVERNMENTSMALARIAMIGRANTMIGRANT POPULATIONSMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSMIGRATION POLICIESMIGRATIONSMOBILITYMORBIDITYMORTALITYMOVEMENT OF PEOPLEMOVEMENTS OF PEOPLENATIONAL GOVERNMENTSNATIONAL LAWSNUMBER OF MIGRANTSNUMBER OF PEOPLEOCEANSOFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEPEACEPERMANENT RESIDENCEPHPLACES OF ORIGINPOLICY BRIEFPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION MOVEMENTSPRECIPITATIONPROGRESSPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC SERVICESQUALITY OF LIFERAINFALLRATE OF GROWTHREFUGEEREFUGEE CAMPSREFUGEESREMITTANCEREMITTANCESREPATRIATIONRESPECTRESPIRATORY DISEASESRESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGERESPONSIBILITY OF GOVERNMENTSRETURN MIGRATIONRISK MANAGEMENTRISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGERURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTSANITATIONSEA LEVELSECURITY OF TENURESERVICE PROVIDERSSOCIAL GROUPSOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURESOCIAL INSTITUTIONSSOCIAL MEASURESSOCIAL NETWORKSSOCIAL OPPORTUNITIESSOCIAL SERVICESSOCIAL SUPPORTSPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONSTATUS OF REFUGEESSTORMSSUBSISTENCE FARMERSSUPPLY SHORTAGESSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE RESOURCE MANAGEMENTTEMPERATURETRANSACTION COSTSTRANSMIGRATIONTREATYUNEPUNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEESURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERSURBAN DWELLERSURBAN INFRASTRUCTUREURBAN MIGRATIONVICTIMSVIOLENCEVIOLENCE AGAINST WOMENVULNERABILITYWARWATER QUALITYWATER RESOURCESWINDWORKERSWORKFORCEWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-5270