Timilsina, Govinda R.2012-12-072012-12-072012-07https://hdl.handle.net/10986/11931One key contentious issue in climate change negotiations is the huge difference in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita between more advanced industrialized countries and other nations. This paper analyzes the costs of reducing this gap. Simulations using a global computable general equilibrium model show that the average the carbon dioxide intensity of advanced industrialized countries would remain almost twice as high as the average for other countries in 2030, even if the former group adopted a heavy uniform carbon tax of $250/tCO2 that reduced their emissions by 57 percent from the baseline. Global emissions would fall only 18 percent, due to an increase in emissions in the other countries. This reduction may not be adequate to move toward 2050 emission levels that avoid dangerous climate change. The tax would reduce Annex I countries' gross domestic product by 2.4 percent, and global trade volume by 2 percent. The economic costs of the tax vary significantly across countries, with heavier burdens on fossil fuel intensive economies such as Russia, Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE EMISSIONSAGGREGATE EMISSIONAGGREGATE EMISSIONSANTHROPOGENIC INTERFERENCEATMOSPHEREATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONSAVERAGE TEMPERATUREBUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIOCARBONCARBON DIOXIDECARBON EMISSIONCARBON TAXCARBON TAXESCLEAN ENERGYCLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECLIMATE CHANGE AGREEMENTCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATIONCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION POLICIESCLIMATE CHANGE NEGOTIATIONSCLIMATE CHANGE POLICIESCLIMATE POLICYCLIMATE SYSTEMCO2COALCOMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELCONVERGENCEDEMAND FOR ENERGYDEPLOYMENT OF CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIESDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDIESELDIVERGENCEDOMESTIC PRODUCTIONDOMESTIC SUPPLYECOLOGICAL ECONOMICSECOLOGICAL ZONESECONOMIC COSTSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC IMPACTSECONOMIC THEORYECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGEELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTIONELECTRICITYELECTRICITY GENERATIONEMISSIONEMISSION ABATEMENTEMISSION INTENSITIESEMISSION INTENSITYEMISSION INTENSIVEEMISSION LEVELEMISSION LEVELSEMISSION PER CAPITAEMISSION REDUCTIONEMISSIONSEMISSIONS FROM FUELEMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTIONEMISSIONS INTENSITYEMISSIONS REDUCTIONENERGY CAPITALENERGY CONSUMPTIONENERGY DEMANDENERGY EFFICIENCYENERGY POLICYENERGY SYSTEMENVIRONMENTAL POLITICSETHANOLFINANCIAL SUPPORTFORESTFOREST LANDFOSSIL FUELFOSSIL FUELSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGEFREE TRADEGASGHGGHGSGLOBAL EMISSIONSGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASESHISTORICAL EMISSIONHOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURESHOUSEHOLD SECTORIMPORTSINCOMEINTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCYIPCCLAND USELAND USE CHANGELAND-USE CHANGELONG-TERM CLIMATE CHANGENATIONAL INCOMENUCLEAR POWERNUCLEAR POWER PLANTSOILOILSPETROLEUM PRODUCTSPOLICY MAKERSPOWER GENERATIONPOWER PLANTSREGIONAL EMISSIONTAX RATESTEMPERATURETOTAL DEMANDWORLD ENERGYWORLD ENERGY OUTLOOKWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6115