World Bank2014-08-192014-08-192006-06-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/19430The objective of this policy note on land is to assist the Government of Moldova in improving the effectiveness of land management in agriculture, with a view to enhancing the sector's contribution to Moldova's economic growth and poverty reduction objectives. The note reviews the progress that has been made to date on land reform in Moldova, and provides rigorous economic analysis of the impacts of the reforms and the state of land markets today. It also makes recommendations on options for improving the functioning of land markets. This note is organized as follows. Chapter one explore in detail the progress of land reform, including changes in land ownership and land use since 1990; then describe the results of farm reorganization efforts, including some comparisons with farm structure in market economies. Chapter two examines the impacts of land reform on economic indicators such as productivity for different farm types. Chapter three analyze the development of land markets to date based on new information gathered for this work from the Cadastre Agency, a survey of farms carried out for this study, and other sources. Finally, chapter four provide recommendations based on international best practice for increasing the efficiency of land use by improving the functioning of land markets, including practical advice for implementing pilot land re-parceling projects.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTANTACCOUNTINGAGRICULTURAL LOANALLOCATIONALLOCATION OF FUNDSANNUAL BUDGETANNUAL BUDGET PROCESSBENEFICIARIESBORROWERBUDGET ALLOCATIONBUDGET ALLOCATIONSBUDGET CONSTRAINTSBUDGET DEFICITBUDGET EXECUTIONBUDGET EXPENDITUREBUDGET FORMULATIONBUDGET FORMULATION PROCESSBUDGET LAWBUDGET NEGOTIATIONSBUDGET PROCESSBUDGET PROJECTIONSBUDGET PROPOSALSBUDGET RESOURCESBUDGETARY FUNDBUDGETARY FUNDSBUDGETARY PROCESSBUDGETARY RESOURCESBUDGETINGCADASTRECAPACITY BUILDINGCAPACITY BUILDING ACTIVITIESCAPITAL EXPENDITURECASH DOWN PAYMENTSCASH MANAGEMENTCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCIVIL SERVICECOMMERCIAL BANKSCOMPOSITION OF EXPENDITURESCREDIT AGENCYCREDIT ASSOCIATIONSCREDIT INSTITUTIONSCREDIT PROGRAMSCREDIT SUBSIDYCURRENCYCURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICITSDEBTDEBT FORGIVENESSDEBT SERVICEDEBT-SERVICEDEBTSDECISION-MAKERSDELIVERY OF SERVICESDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDOMESTIC MARKETDONOR COORDINATIONECONOMIC CLASSIFICATIONECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIES OF SCALEEDUCATION PROGRAMSEFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC SPENDINGEFFICIENCY OF GOVERNMENT SPENDINGEQUIPMENTEQUITY STAKEEXCHANGE RATEEXPENDITURE ALLOCATIONSEXPENDITURE PLANSEXTERNAL ARREARSEXTERNAL BORROWINGEXTERNAL DEBTEXTERNAL FINANCEEXTERNAL GRANTSEXTERNAL LOANSFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL RESOURCESFISCAL CONSTRAINTSFISCAL DEFICITSFISCAL LAXITYFISCAL MANAGEMENTFISCAL OPERATIONSFISCAL POLICYFISCAL REFORMSFISCAL STANCEFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN LOANSGOVERNMENT EXPENDITURESGOVERNMENT FINANCESGOVERNMENT INVESTMENTGOVERNMENT POLICIESGOVERNMENT REVENUESGOVERNMENT SPENDINGGOVERNMENT SUPPORTGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROSS NATIONAL PRODUCTHUMAN RESOURCESIMPORT DUTIESINCOME TAXINEFFICIENT ENTERPRISESINFLATIONINFORMATION SYSTEMSINTERNAL AUDITINTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENTINTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONINTERNATIONAL MARKETINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT PROJECTSINVESTMENT REQUIREMENTSLAND POLICYLANDHOLDERSLANDOWNERSLEVEL PLAYING FIELDLEVELS OF PUBLIC SPENDINGLEVYLOANLOAN GUARANTEESLOCAL BUDGETSLOCAL GOVERNMENTLOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGETSLOCAL GOVERNMENTSMARKET ECONOMYMARKET INFORMATIONMARKET REQUIREMENTSMEDIUM TERM EXPENDITUREMEDIUM TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKMEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITUREMEDIUM-TERM EXPENDITURE FRAMEWORKMINISTRY OF ECONOMYMINISTRY OF FINANCEMONETARY FUNDMONETARY POLICIESNATIONAL AGENCYNATIONAL BANKOPERATIONAL EFFICIENCYPENSIONPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY REDUCTION OBJECTIVESPOVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGYPRIVATE INVESTMENTPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENTPROGRAMSPROVISION OF SERVICESPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC BUDGETPUBLIC DEBTPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENTPUBLIC EXPENDITURE POLICYPUBLIC EXPENDITURE REVIEWPUBLIC EXPENDITURESPUBLIC FINANCESPUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENTPUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT PROJECTPUBLIC FUNDINGPUBLIC FUNDSPUBLIC GOODSPUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC INSTITUTIONSPUBLIC INVESTMENTPUBLIC INVESTMENTSPUBLIC RESOURCESPUBLIC REVENUESPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SERVICESRECURRENT EXPENDITURESREPAYMENTREPAYMENT OF PRINCIPALRESOURCE ALLOCATIONSRESOURCE MANAGEMENTRETURNSRURAL FINANCESECTOR POLICIESSERVICE DELIVERYSERVICE PROVISIONSOCIAL EXPENDITURESSOCIAL INSURANCESOCIAL INSURANCE FUNDSOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTSSTATE BUDGETSTATE ENTERPRISESSTRATEGIC PRIORITIESSTRUCTURAL REFORMSTAX BURDENTAX COLLECTIONTAX EXEMPTIONSTAX RATETAX REVENUETOTAL EXPENDITURETOTAL EXPENDITURESTOTAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURETOTAL PUBLIC SPENDINGTRANSACTIONTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSITION COUNTRIESTRANSPARENCYTURNOVERTYPES OF EXPENDITURES10.1596/19430