Serajuddin, UmarVerme, Paolo2012-06-292012-06-292012-06https://hdl.handle.net/10986/9326One of the recurrent explanations of the Arab spring is that governments were disconnected from their populations and that public policies were simply not in line with people's sentiments and expectations. This paper provides a methodology to better understand how objective conditions of deprivation are translated into subjective feelings of deprivation using a strand of the recent literature on relative deprivation. The authors apply this methodology to better understand the question of gender and youth deprivation in the context of the Moroccan labor market. They find that the reference group (the people with whom people compare themselves) plays a pivotal role in understanding how feelings of labor deprivation are generated. This can explain the apparent mismatch between objective conditions and subjective feelings of deprivation related to joblessness among young men and women. The methodology can help us understand why greater discontent may be exhibited by a group of individuals who are in fact less deprived in a material sense. It can also potentially help governments design public policies that address objective conditions of deprivation, such as unemployment, with a better understanding of subjective implications.CC BY 3.0 IGOBASIC EDUCATIONBULLETINCHILD CARECIVIC PARTICIPATIONDEVELOPMENT POLICYDISCRIMINATIONECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INEQUALITYECONOMIC POLICIESECONOMIC STATUSELDERLYEMPLOYMENT OUTCOMESEMPLOYMENT STATUSETHNIC GROUPFEMALEFEMALE LABORFEMALE LABOR FORCEFEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONFEMALESFORMAL LABOR MARKETGENDERGENDER DIFFERENCESGENDER DIMENSIONGENDER DIMENSIONSGENDER DIVIDEGENDER GAPGENDER IDENTITYGENDER NORMSGENDER SPECIFICGENDER UNITHOUSEHOLD ASSETSHOUSEHOLD CHORESHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD LEVELHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD TASKSHOUSEHOLD WEALTHHOUSEHOLDSHUMAN CAPITALIMPERFECT INFORMATIONIMPORTANT POLICYINCOME DISTRIBUTIONSINCOME INEQUALITYINDIVIDUAL INCOMESINDIVIDUAL VALUESINFORMAL SECTORINHABITANTSINTERNAL MIGRATIONJOBSLABOR DEMANDLABOR DISPUTESLABOR ECONOMICSLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET CONDITIONSLABOR MARKET OUTCOMESLABOR MARKET SITUATIONLABOR MARKETSLABOURLABOUR SUPPLYLEVELS OF EDUCATIONLIVING CONDITIONSLIVING STANDARDSLONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENTMARITAL STATUSMARRIED POPULATIONMARRIED YOUTHMIGRATIONMOBILITYNUMBER OF PEOPLEPARTICIPATION OF WOMENPOLICY DISCUSSIONSPOLICY IMPLICATIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY RESEARCHPOLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPERPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOPULATION SUBGROUPSPREVIOUS SECTIONPREVIOUS STUDIESPRIMARY EDUCATIONPROBIT REGRESSIONPROBIT REGRESSIONSPROGRESSPUBLIC EMPLOYMENTQUANTITATIVE MEASURESRURAL AREASRURAL POPULATIONRURAL POVERTYRURAL RESIDENTSRURAL WOMENSECONDARY EDUCATIONSELF-ASSESSMENTSELF-ESTEEMSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL DEVELOPMENTSOCIAL EXCLUSIONSOCIAL JUSTICESOCIAL STATUSSOCIETAL LEVELTERTIARY EDUCATIONUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT LEVELSUNEMPLOYMENT RATEURBAN AREASURBAN POPULATIONURBAN POPULATIONSURBAN WOMENVIOLENCEWAGE DIFFERENTIALSWAGESWOMANYOUNG MENYOUNG PEOPLEYOUNG WOMENWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-6090