Dickson, EricBaker, Judy L.Hoornweg, DanielTiwari, Asmita2013-02-142013-02-142012-06978-0-8213-8962-1https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12356The rapid and oft en unplanned expansion of cities is exposing more people and economic assets to the risk of disasters and the effects of climate change. For city governments, increased climate variability imposes additional challenges to effective urban management and the delivery of key services, while for residents it increasingly affects their lives and livelihoods due to more frequent floods, landslides, heat waves, droughts, and fires. There is an urgent need for cities to consider disaster and climate change by streamlining assessments of related risks in their planning and management as well as delivery of services. This paper proposes a framework for carrying out urban risk assessment, and seeks to strengthen coherence and consensus in how cities can plan for natural disasters and climate change. The Urban Risk Assessment (URA) was developed by drawing on lessons from existing efforts to assess risk in cities as well as urban planning literature. It was vetted through consultation and collaboration with international development agencies, the public and private sectors, and nongovernmental organizations. It minimizes duplicative efforts, and brings convergence to related work undertaken by the World Bank and other key partners. The target audience for this report includes: (1) decision makers such as city managers, mayors, and those involved in developing national and local policies related to urban development; (2) urban practitioners and technical staff at the municipal, regional, and national levels; and (3) international organizations. The assessment methodology focuses on three reinforcing pillars that collectively contribute to understanding urban risk: a hazard impact assessment, an institutional assessment, and a socioeconomic assessment. The URA allows flexibility in how it is applied, depending on available financial resources, available data relating to hazards and its population, and institutional capacity of a given city. Through the URA's sequencing, which is linked to complexity and required investment, city managers may select subcomponents from each pillar that individually and collectively enhance the understanding of urban risk.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOaccountingadvanced economiesagricultural productsagricultural sectorbalance of paymentsbank lendingBank Policybanking sectorbanking systembasis pointsbeneficiariesbroad moneybudget deficitbudgetary allocationbusiness associationsCash Reservecommercial bankscommoditycommodity pricesConsumer PriceConsumer Price Indexconsumer pricesconsumption expenditureconsumption expendituresCorruptionCredit GrowthCredit Sourcecurrent accountcurrent account balancecurrent account surplusdatesdemand for fooddeveloping countriesdeveloping economiesdomestic marketeconomic crisisEconomic Developmentseconomic performanceexchange rateexpenditureexpendituresexport creditsexport growthexposureFairFair Pricefinancial accountfinancial institutionsfiscal deficitfood distributionFood for Workfood grainsfood importsfood pricefood pricesfood resourcesfood securityfood subsidiesfood subsidyForeign exchangeforeign exchange marketForeign exchange reservesforeign investorsformal bankingfrozen foodglobal economygood faithGrain Productiongrowth rategrowth rateshouseholdshypothecationsincomeInflationinflation indexinflationary pressuresInfrastructure Financeinfrastructure projectinfrastructure projectsinsuranceinterest rateinterest rate capinterest ratesintermediate goodsinternational marketsInvestment Climateissuanceliquidityloanlocal marketmacroeconomic policymerchantMicrocreditmicrofinancemicrofinance institutionsmigrant labormigrant workersmobile phoneMonetary Policymoney growthmoney transfermutual fundnonperforming loansoil pricesopen marketoutputoverdraftoverdraft loansphone networkpledgespolicy responsepolicy responsesPrice IncreasePrice Increasesprice trendsprivate investmentPrivate Sector CreditPublic Debtpublic investmentpublic stockpublic stockspublic-private partnershippublic-private partnershipsrates of interestRefugeeregulatorregulatorsRegulatory Authorityremittanceremittancesrepaymentrepayment periodreporepo raterepo ratesreserveReserve Requirementreservesretailretail tradesalessavingssovereign debtStock Exchangestock indexstock marketstock market volatilitystock pricestock tradingstocksstorage capacitysugarTaxteatelecommunicationsTransparencyUnionurban areasvillageVulnerable GroupwheatWorld Bank10.1596/978-0-8213-8962-1