World Bank2012-06-142012-06-142007-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8050This report on poverty assessment in Sri Lanka establishes that the development story in Sri Lanka is one of mixed success. The country is on par with middle income countries and Millennium Development Goal timetables for universal primary school enrollment, gender parity in primary and secondary school enrollment, and universal provision of reproductive health services. At the same time, consumption income poverty persists and the poor continue to face basic welfare challenges such as malnutrition. A number of interrelated constraints prevent access by the poor to opportunities in more dynamic sectors of the economy. In poor rural areas and the estates economic and geographic constraints include inadequate connectivity to markets and growth centers, lack of electricity and transport facilities (infrastructure) and poor quality schools (public services). In poor urban areas constraints include inadequate access to clean water, electricity, sanitation and quality of housing. At the household level, the report assesses the cyclical nature of poverty traps caused by low levels of education, poor nutrition and underemployment (mostly associated with the informal sector). Population in the estates, North and East, and the tsunami-affected coastal areas are more likely to fall into the poverty trap cycle due to historical disadvantages or recent events like civil conflict or natural disasters. The report is organized as follows: Chapter 1 presents the Sri Lankan economy in an international context. Chapter 2 focuses on poverty, inequality and vulnerability. Chapter 3 profiles poor households and lagging regions. Chapter 4 discusses internal migration, remittances and urban concentration. Chapter 5 analyzes the human development challenges and the poverty nexus. Chapter 6 talks about the rural challenge in terms of raising agricultural productivity and non-farm incomes. Chapter 7 dissects the social and economic situation in the conflict-affected areas in the north and east, while Chapter 8 concludes with the an analysis of the poverty traps in the estates and the way forward.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO EDUCATIONACCESS TO ELECTRICITYACCESS TO INFRASTRUCTUREAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITYAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHAGRICULTURAL SECTORALCOHOLISMANNUAL GROWTHANNUAL GROWTH RATECASH TRANSFER PROGRAMCASH TRANSFERSCHILD MORTALITYCHILD NUTRITIONCLEAN WATERCONFLICTCONSUMPTION DATACONSUMPTION EXPENDITURECONSUMPTION MEASURECONSUMPTION PER CAPITACONSUMPTION POVERTYCROSS-COUNTRY ANALYSISDATA SETSDETERMINANTS OF POVERTYDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDISADVANTAGED AREASDISEASESDIVERSIFICATIONDROUGHTECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC SHOCKSEDUCATIONEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL INDICATORSEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT STATUSESTIMATES OF POVERTYESTIMATION TECHNIQUESEXTERNAL MIGRATIONFAMILY MEMBERSFAMILY SIZEFARMERFARMERSFERTILITYFOOD AVAILABILITYFOOD EXPENDITURESGENDER PARITYGINI COEFFICIENTGOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTSGROWTH ELASTICITYHEADCOUNT RATIOHEALTHHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH FACILITIESHEALTH OUTCOMESHIGH CONCENTRATIONHIGH GROWTHHOSPITALHOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTIONHOUSEHOLD DISTRIBUTIONHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD HEADSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD LEVELHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSINGHUMAN DEVELOPMENTIMMUNIZATIONINCOMEINCOME GROUPSINCOME INCREASEINCOME POVERTYINCOME QUINTILEINEQUALITYINEQUALITY MEASURESINFANTINFORMATION SYSTEMSINTERNAL MIGRATIONLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLITERACY RATESLIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENTLIVESTOCK PRODUCTSLIVING STANDARDSMALNUTRITIONMATERNAL HEALTHMEASUREMENT OF POVERTYMEASURING POVERTYMIGRANTMIGRANTSMIGRATIONMILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALNATURAL DISASTERSNONFARM INCOMENUTRITIONAL STATUSPEACEPER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONPER CAPITA EXPENDITUREPER CAPITA INCOMEPOORPOOR AREASPOOR GAPPOOR HOUSEHOLDSPOOR NUTRITIONPOOR POPULATIONPOOR RURAL AREASPOORER DISTRICTSPOPULATION CENSUSPOPULATION DENSITYPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH RATEPOPULATION SHAREPOVERTY ANALYSISPOVERTY ASSESSMENTPOVERTY ESTIMATESPOVERTY HEADCOUNT RATEPOVERTY HEADCOUNT RATESPOVERTY INCIDENCEPOVERTY INDICESPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MAPPOVERTY MAPPINGPOVERTY MAPSPOVERTY MEASUREMENTPOVERTY PROFILESPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY TRAPSPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIMARY SCHOOLPUBLIC SERVICESRATES OF GROWTHREDUCED POVERTYREGIONAL INEQUALITIESREGIONAL INEQUALITYREMITTANCEREMITTANCESREMOTEREMOTE AREASREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHREPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICESRURALRURAL ACCESSRURAL AREASRURAL DEVELOPMENTRURAL EMPLOYMENTRURAL ENTREPRENEURSRURAL HOUSEHOLDRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL POORRURAL POPULATIONRURAL POVERTYRURAL SECTORSAFE WATERSANITATIONSCHOOL STUDENTSSCHOOLINGSECONDARY SCHOOLSELF-EMPLOYMENTSKILL LEVELSKILLED WORKERSSOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL WELFARETARGETINGTEACHER SHORTAGESTERTIARY EDUCATIONTRADE UNIONSTRANSPORTATIONTUBERCULOSISUNDERSTANDING OF POVERTYUNEMPLOYMENTUPWARD ECONOMIC MOBILITYURBAN AREASURBAN CENTERURBAN CENTERSURBAN GROWTHURBAN MIGRATIONURBAN POPULATIONURBAN POVERTYVEGETABLESVICIOUS CYCLEVULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY TO POVERTYWAGE EMPLOYMENTWELFARE INDICATORSWELFARE PROGRAMSWORKFORCEWorld Bank10.1596/8050