Chandrasekharan Behr, DijiMairena Cunningham, EileenKajembe, GeorgeMbeyale, GimbageNsita, SteveRosenbaum, Kenneth L.2013-03-112013-03-112012-02https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12619Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and enhancing carbon stocks (REDD+) has raised the profile of benefit sharing in the forest sector. Sharing benefits, however, is not a new concept. Previous work on benefit sharing (associated with intellectual property, forest and agriculture concessions, mining, and so forth) has focused on clarifying the concept and examining how benefit sharing could feed into broader development outcomes. Getting benefit sharing right in the context of REDD+ has a similar objective. The objective of this study is twofold. The first is to examine existing arrangements for sharing benefits and extract insights from existing community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) arrangements that involve sharing benefits, specifically insights regarding how benefits are determined, how beneficiaries are identified, and how the set-up is influencing the effectiveness of the arrangements. The second objective is to provide community perspective on benefit sharing and partnerships in the forest sector. This study examines nine partnership arrangements in three countries Nicaragua, Tanzania, and Uganda. The partnerships include five performance-based PES arrangements (of which two are focused on carbon). The remaining four partnerships involve sustainable management of forests for specific objectives (timber, ecotourism, wildlife conservation, and so forth). All the partnerships took several years to set up, and some have been under implementation for several years. For purposes of this study, benefit sharing or sharing of benefits refers to an intentional transfer of financial payments and payments in the form of goods and services to intended beneficiaries.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACTION PLANADJACENT FORESTAGRICULTURE ORGANIZATIONALTERNATIVE METHODAMPHIBIANSANIMALANIMALSANTHROPOLOGISTBAMBOOBEACHESBENEFIT SHARINGBIODIVERSITYBIODIVERSITY CONSERVATIONBIRDBIRD SPECIESBIRDSBUFFER ZONESBURN AGRICULTUREBURNINGCALCULATIONCAPACITY BUILDINGCARBONCARBON CAPTURECARBON CREDITSCARBON EMISSIONSCARBON MANAGEMENTCARBON SEQUESTRATIONCARBON STOCKSCARBON STORAGECASH CROPSCATCHMENTCATTLECERTIFICATION PROCESSCERTIFIED WOODCLIMATECLIMATE CHANGECOCOMMUNITY FORESTCOMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENTCOMMUNITY FORESTRYCOMMUNITY FORESTRY MANAGEMENTCONCESSION MANAGEMENTCONFLICT RESOLUTIONCONSERVATIONCONSERVATION ACTCONSERVATION COMMITTEECONSERVATION FUNDCONSERVATION ISSUESCONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITYCONSERVATION PRACTICESCONSERVATION PROJECTCRITICAL AREASCUSTOMARY OWNERSHIPDEFORESTATIONDEGRADED FORESTSDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDONKEYSDRY SEASONECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECOSYSTEMECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENTELECTRICITYELEPHANTEMISSIONEMISSION REDUCTIONSEMISSIONS FROM DEFORESTATIONENCROACHMENTENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATIONEUCALYPTUSEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIESFARMERSFAUNAFENCINGFINANCESFINANCIAL RESOURCESFIREWOODFISHFLORAFORESTFOREST ACTFOREST AREAFOREST AREASFOREST CARBONFOREST CERTIFICATIONFOREST CONCESSIONFOREST CONCESSIONAIRESFOREST CONCESSIONSFOREST COVERFOREST DEGRADATIONFOREST DESTRUCTIONFOREST DEVELOPMENTFOREST ENTERPRISESFOREST FUNDSFOREST LANDFOREST LAND MANAGEMENTFOREST LANDSFOREST LAWFOREST LAW ENFORCEMENTFOREST MANAGEMENT PLANFOREST MANAGEMENT PLANSFOREST OWNERFOREST PARTNERSHIPFOREST POLICYFOREST PRODUCTSFOREST PROTECTIONFOREST PROTECTION COMMITTEESFOREST REGULATIONSFOREST RESERVEFOREST RESOURCESFOREST REVENUEFOREST SCIENCEFOREST SECTORFOREST STATIONFOREST STEWARDSHIPFOREST TRADEFOREST USERFORESTRY ACTIVITIESFORESTRY AUTHORITYFORESTRY DEPARTMENTFORESTRY EDUCATIONFORESTRY GOVERNANCEFORESTRY MANAGEMENTFORESTRY PLANNINGFORESTSFREE GRAZINGGLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACILITYGOATSGOLDGREATER ACCESSGREENHOUSEGREENHOUSE GASGREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONSHABITATSHARMHARVESTERSHUNTINGHUNTING AREASHUNTING OF WILDLIFEHYDROLOGYILLEGAL LOGGINGILLEGAL TIMBERINDIGENOUS COMMUNITIESINDIGENOUS COMMUNITYINSECTSINVERTEBRATESISSUESLAKELAND COVERLAND DEGRADATIONLAND PRODUCTIVITYLAND TENURELAND TENURE SYSTEMLAND TITLINGLAND USELAND USERSLAND USESLAND-USELANDOWNERLIVESTOCKLOCAL LANDOWNERSMAMMALSMANAGEMENT OF WILDLIFEMONKEYMONKEYSMOUNDSMOUNTAINSMUSSELSNATIONAL FOREST AUTHORITYNATIONAL FORESTRYNATIONAL PARKNATURAL FORESTSNATURAL RESOURCENATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENTNATURAL RESOURCE USENATURAL RESOURCESNATURE RESERVEOTTERPASTUREPASTURE LANDPASTURESPATROLLINGPIGSPLANTPLANT COMMUNITIESPOACHERSPOACHINGPOLLINATORSPOULTRYPRIMARY FORESTQUALITY OF WATERRANCHESRECREATIONAL USEREFORESTATIONREGENERATIONREPTILEREPTILESRESERVE FORESTROADSSAFARISSEA LEVELSHEEPSHIFTING CULTIVATIONSOCIAL FORESTRYSOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIESSOIL EROSIONSPIDERSSUGAR CANESURVIVAL RATESUSTAINABLE FORESTSUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FORESTSSUSTAINABLE USE OF WILDLIFETECHNICAL ASSISTANCETERRESTRIAL WILDLIFETIMBERTIMBER EXTRACTIONTIMBER MARKETTIMBER PRODUCTIONTIMBER SALESTOURISMTOURISM DEVELOPMENTTOURISM INDUSTRYTREETREE PLANTINGTREESTROPICSUNIONVILLAGEVILLAGE CONSERVATION COMMITTEESVILLAGE FORESTVILLAGESWATER QUALITYWATERSHEDWILD ANIMALSWILDLIFEWILDLIFE CONSERVATIONWILDLIFE MANAGEMENTWILDLIFE POPULATIONWOODWOOD FUELWOOD PRODUCTWOODLANDWorld Bank10.1596/12619