World Bank2013-03-142013-03-142008-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12731This report provides analytic support to the National Anti-corruption Strategy (NACS) formulation, offers lessons from international experience on governance and anti-corruption (GAC) policy, and generally supports the Government and its development partners to better understand the phenomenon of corruption in Mauritania. The report is structured as follows: Chapter 2 focuses on the definition and measurement of corruption and the Mauritanian political economy. Chapter 3 focuses on corruption in public procurement. Chapter 4 concentrates on corruption in the courts of law. Chapter 5 deals with the extractive industries. Chapter 6 focuses on corruption from the perspective of the private sector, based on the results of the recent Investment Climate Assessment (ICA). On the basis of the analysis conducted in this report, the single most important message concerns the need for maintaining momentum and pressing ahead with the finalization of ongoing anti-corruption strategic thinking and legislation, and the implementation of already approved GAC laws and measures. Looking forward, the emphasis should shift from passing laws and rules to concrete implementation of procedures on a broader agenda of greater political accountability. Priority areas include: (1) independence of the media, (2) monitoring procedures (such as a governance diagnostic survey) and (3) the establishment of an effective mechanism through which the voice of citizens and users of public services can be heard.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABUSEABUSESACCESS TO LEGAL INFORMATIONACCOUNTABILITYACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMSADMINISTRATIVE CORRUPTIONADMINISTRATIVE INSTITUTIONSADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDUREADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEMAMBITIONANTI-CORRUPTIONANTI-CORRUPTION STRATEGYAUDIT OFFICEAUTHORITYAWARD OF CONTRACTSBANKING SECTORBANKING SYSTEMBANKSBID RIGGINGBIDDINGBRIBEBRIBERYBRIBESBUDGETARY FUNDSBUREAUCRATIC CORRUPTIONBUSINESS COMMUNITYBUSINESS ENVIRONMENTCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCENTRALIZATIONCITIZENCITIZENSCIVIL LAWCIVIL SERVANTSCIVIL SOCIETYCIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONSCODE OF CONDUCTCODES OF CONDUCTCOLLUSIONCOMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENTCOMPETITIVE BIDDINGCOMPLAINTCOMPLAINTSCONCENTRATION OF OWNERSHIPCONFLICTS OF INTERESTCONSENSUSCONSTITUENCIESCONSTITUTIONCONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTSCORRUPTCORRUPT PRACTICESCORRUPT PROCUREMENTCORRUPTION ISSUESCORRUPTION PERCEPTIONCORRUPTION PERCEPTION INDEXCOUNCILSCOURT DECISIONSCOURT PERSONNELCPIDEBT MANAGEMENTDECENTRALIZATIONDECISION MAKINGDECISION MAKING AUTHORITYDECISION MAKING PROCESSDECISION-MAKERSDECISION-MAKINGDECISION-MAKING BODYDECLARATION OF ASSETSDECREEDECREESDEGREE OF CORRUPTIONDEMOCRACYDEMOCRATIC SYSTEMSDEMOCRATIZATIONDEPENDENTDOMESTIC DEBTECONOMIC GROWTHEMBEZZLEMENTENACTMENTESTATEETHICETHICAL STANDARDSETHICSEXECUTIONEXPENDITUREEXTERNAL FINANCINGFIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTIONFIGHTING CORRUPTIONFINANCIAL RESOURCESFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN FIRMSFOREIGN RESERVESGOOD GOVERNANCEGOVERNANCE CHALLENGESGOVERNANCE DIAGNOSTICSGOVERNANCE INDICATORSGOVERNANCE ISSUESGOVERNANCE PROBLEMSGOVERNANCE REFORMSGOVERNANCE SYSTEMGOVERNMENT AGENCIESGOVERNMENT EFFECTIVENESSGOVERNMENT OFFICIALSGOVERNMENT SPENDINGGRAND CORRUPTIONHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RIGHTSHUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONSINCOMEINFORMAL PAYMENTSINFORMAL SECTORINITIATIVEINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKINSTITUTIONALIZATIONINSURANCEINTEGRITYINVESTIGATIONSINVESTMENT CLIMATEJUDGESJUDGMENTSJUDICIAL COUNCILSJUDICIAL INDEPENDENCEJUDICIAL PERFORMANCEJUDICIAL PROCESSJUDICIAL SECTORJUDICIAL SERVICESJUDICIAL SYSTEMJUDICIAL SYSTEMSJUDICIARYJURISDICTIONJUSTICEJUSTICESKICKBACKSLACK OF COMPETITIONLACK OF TRANSPARENCYLAWSLEADERSHIPLEGAL FRAMEWORKLEGAL SYSTEMLEGISLATIONLEGISLATIVE CORRUPTIONLEGISLATORSLEVELS OF GOVERNMENTLOCAL GOVERNMENTSMEASUREMENT OF CORRUPTIONMEDIAMERITOCRACYMILITARY REGIMEMINISTERMONOPOLIESNATIONAL GOVERNANCENATIONAL GOVERNMENTSNATIONSNATURAL RESOURCESNEPOTISMOFFICE HOLDERSOLIGARCHYOPPOSITION PARTIESPARLIAMENTPATRONAGEPER CAPITA INCOMEPERCEPTION OF CORRUPTIONPERSONAL GAINPETTY CORRUPTIONPOLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITYPOLITICAL COMPETITIONPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOLITICAL INFLUENCEPOLITICAL LEADERSPOLITICAL PARTIESPOLITICAL POWERPOLITICAL STABILITYPOLITICIANSPOOR GOVERNANCEPREFERENTIALPRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONSPRESIDENTSPRIME MINISTERPRIVATE GAINPRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENTPRIVATIZATIONPROCUREMENTPROCUREMENT POLICYPROPERTY RIGHTSPUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONPUBLIC CONTRACTSPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC OFFICIALSPUBLIC PROCUREMENTPUBLIC PROCUREMENT CORRUPTIONPUBLIC PROCUREMENT SYSTEMPUBLIC RESOURCESPUBLIC SECTORPUBLIC SECTOR MANAGEMENTPUBLIC SERVICEPUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERYPUBLIC SUPPORTREFERENDUMREGULATORY QUALITYREMEDIESREPATRIATIONREPRESENTATIVESRULE OF LAWSALARIESSANCTIONSANCTIONSSERVICE DELIVERYSLAVERYSTATE BUDGETSTATE CONTROLSTATE PARTICIPATIONSTATE PROCUREMENTSTATE RESOURCESSTATE-OWNED ENTERPRISESTAXATIONTELEVISIONTHEFTTRANSPARENCYUNDUE INFLUENCEVESTED INTERESTSVIOLENCEVOTINGWorld Bank10.1596/12731