World Bank2013-02-272013-02-272011-05https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12533This report presents the final results and conclusions of a multi-year program developed by a team comprising Bank staff and first-rate Peruvian researchers, which provides policy-relevant analysis of the constraints to labor market entry for low income workers. Expanding employment opportunities and addressing the deficits in skills of large segments of the labor force have become a central concern for policy makers, the business community, academics, and the society at large in Peru. The study of the labor market and skills acquisition is not an empty field in Peru. Many local analysts have undertaken several studies of the education and training systems and the associated labor market returns. However, up to now data limitations have precluded detailed analyses of the constraints of low-income workers, particularly youth, to map their skills into suitable jobs, and to acquire the skills demanded by the labor market. This is, in fact, generally the case throughout Latin America and in many countries in the developing world. It is hoped that this effort and the report can contribute to inform the discussions of the future of social and employment policy among policy makers and the Peruvian society at large.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOACADEMIC PERFORMANCEACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONSACCESS TO CAPITALACCESS TO PRESCHOOLACCREDITATIONACTIVE LABORACTIVE LABOR MARKETACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIESADULT LIFEADULTSAGED WORKERSAPTITUDESBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC EDUCATION CYCLEBASIC SKILLSBINDINGBIOLOGYBIRTH ORDERCAREER CHOICECAREER PATHSCHILD MALNUTRITIONCHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENTCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTCOGNITIVE SKILLSCOGNITIVE TESTSCOLLEGE EDUCATIONCOLLEGE GRADUATESCOMMUNITY PARTICIPATIONCOUNSELINGCURRICULADECENTRALIZATIONDIPLOMASEARLY CHILDHOODEARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENTEARNINGS INEQUALITYEARNINGS REGRESSIONEDUCATED PERSONEDUCATED WORKERSEDUCATION INDICATORSEDUCATION INVESTMENTSEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATION PROGRAMSEDUCATION QUALITYEDUCATION SYSTEMEDUCATION SYSTEMSEDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEDUCATIONAL ENROLLMENTEDUCATIONAL ENROLMENTEDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTSEDUCATIONAL POLICYEDUCATIONAL PROGRESSEDUCATORSEMPLOYABILITYEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT GROWTHEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT OUTLOOKEMPLOYMENT POLICYEMPLOYMENT PROGRAMEMPLOYMENT PROSPECTSEMPLOYMENT SERVICEEMPLOYMENT SERVICESEMPLOYMENT STATUSENROLLMENTETHICSEXPANDING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESFIRM SURVEYSFORMAL SCHOOLINGGENERIC SKILLSHEALTH INSURANCEHIGHER EDUCATIONHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD SURVEYSHUMAN CAPITALHUMAN DEVELOPMENTINDUSTRIAL LABORINFORMAL EMPLOYMENTINSERVICE TRAININGINTERVENTIONSJOB CREATIONJOB MATCHESJOB SEARCHJOB SEARCH PROCESSJOB SKILLSJOB TRAININGJOBLESS GROWTHJOBSKNOWLEDGE SHARINGLABOR DEMANDLABOR ECONOMICSLABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET EXPERIENCELABOR MARKET OUTCOMESLABOR MARKET REGULATIONSLABOR MARKETSLABOR MOBILITYLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHLABOR SHORTAGESLABOR SURVEYSLABORERSLABOURLABOUR FORCELEARNING ENVIRONMENTLEARNING ENVIRONMENTSLEARNING OUTCOMESLEVEL OF EDUCATIONLIFE-LONG LEARNINGLITERACYLIVING CONDITIONSLOW SCHOOLINGLOW UNEMPLOYMENTNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL PLANNEW ENTRANTSNUMERACYNUMERACY ABILITIESNUTRITIONOCCUPATIONOCCUPATIONSOLDER WORKERSPAPERSPARENTAL EDUCATIONPARENTAL INVOLVEMENTPAYING JOBSPEDAGOGYPERSONALITYPRESENT VALUEPREVIOUS RESULTSPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRIOR WORK EXPERIENCEPRIVATE PROVISIONPROBLEM SOLVINGPRODUCTION WORKERPRODUCTIVITY GROWTHQUALITY ASSURANCEQUALITY OF EDUCATIONQUALITY OF LIFERATES OF RETURNREAL WAGEREAL WAGESREGULAR EMPLOYMENTRELIGIOUS BELIEFSRETIREMENTRETURNS TO EDUCATIONRURAL AREASRURAL LABORSALARIED WORKERSSCHOLARSHIPSSCHOOL QUALITYSCHOOL READINESSSCHOOL YEARSSCHOOL-AGESCHOOL-AGE POPULATIONSCHOOL-READINESSSCHOOLING ATTAINMENTSCHOOLSSECONDARY EDUCATIONSECONDARY SCHOOLINGSERVICE SECTORSHORT-TERM TRAININGSKILL SHORTAGESKILLED LABORSKILLED WORKERSSKILLS ACQUISITIONSKILLS DEVELOPMENTSKILLS TRAININGSTRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENTSUITABLE EMPLOYMENTTEACHERSTECHNICAL EDUCATIONTECHNICAL TRAININGTENURETERTIARY EDUCATIONTEST SCORESTRAINEESTRAINING CENTERSTRAINING INSTITUTIONTRAINING INSTITUTIONSTRAINING PROGRAMSTRAINING SERVICESTRAINING SYSTEMTYPES OF EDUCATIONUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT DURATIONUNEMPLOYMENT DURATIONSUNEMPLOYMENT RATEUNEMPLOYMENT RATESUNEQUAL ACCESSUNIVERSITIESUNIVERSITY EDUCATIONUNSKILLED JOBSURBAN WORKERSVISUAL MATERIALWAGE GROWTHWAGE LEVELSWORK EXPERIENCEWORKERWORKERSWORKING CONDITIONSYOUNG PEOPLEYOUNG WORKERSYOUNGER WORKERSYOUTHYOUTH EMPLOYMENTWorld Bank10.1596/12533