Zhai, FanHertel, Thomas2012-06-202012-06-202005-09https://hdl.handle.net/10986/8594The authors assess the implications of multilateral trade reforms for poverty in China. They do so by combining results from a global modeling exercise with a national CGE model that features disaggregated households in both the rural and urban sectors. They examine two trade reform scenarios: one involving global trade liberalization, and one involving possible Doha Development Agenda reforms. Using the World Bank's $2 a day poverty line, the authors find that multilateral trade reforms do in fact reduce poverty in China. The biggest reductions occur in the rural areas-largely as a result of higher prices for farm products.CC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE VALUEADVERSE IMPACTSAGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENTAGRICULTURAL EXPORT SUBSIDIESAGRICULTURAL OUTPUTAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTSAGRICULTURAL PROTECTIONAGRICULTUREAPPARELAPPAREL EXPORTSAPPAREL QUOTASBASE YEARBENCHMARKBENCHMARK DATABENCHMARK EQUILIBRIUMBUDGET CONSTRAINTSCAPITAL ACCUMULATIONCAPITAL GOODSCAPITAL MARKETCAPITAL STOCKCOMMODITIESCONSTANT ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTIONCONSTANT ELASTICITY OF TRANSFORMATIONCONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALECONSUMER PRICE INDEXCPICUMULATIVE EFFECTDATA SETDEMAND CURVESDEMAND ELASTICITIESDIRECT IMPACTDOMESTIC MARKETECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC GROWTHEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTELASTICITIESELASTICITYELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTIONEMPIRICAL EVIDENCEEMPLOYMENTEQUILIBRIUMEQUIVALENT VARIATIONEXPENDITURESEXPORT MARKETSEXPORT PROCESSINGEXPORT VOLUMESEXPORTSEXTERNALITIESFACTOR MARKETSFARM ACTIVITIESFARM HOUSEHOLDSFINANCING MECHANISMSFOREIGN CURRENCYFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTMENTFOREIGN TRADEFREE TRADEFULL EMPLOYMENTFULL LIBERALIZATIONGDPGENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODELGEOGRAPHIC PROXIMITYGINI COEFFICIENTGLOBAL FREE TRADEGLOBAL TRADEGLOBAL TRADE ANALYSISHEADCOUNT RATIOHOUSEHOLD BEHAVIORHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD LABORHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHUMAN CAPITALIMPACT OF TRADEIMPORT PRICESIMPORT PROTECTIONIMPORT TARIFFSIMPORTSIMPROVED ACCESSINCOMEINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME HOUSEHOLDSINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME LEVELINCOME LEVELSINCREASED DEMANDINCREASED INEQUALITYINTERMEDIATE GOODSINTERMEDIATE INPUTSINTERNATIONAL STANDARDSLABOR FORCELABOR FORCE PARTICIPATIONLABOR MARKETLABOR MARKETSLABOR PRODUCTIVITYLABOR SUPPLYLIVING CONDITIONSMARGINAL COSTMARGINAL VALUEMARKET DISTORTIONSMETAL PRODUCTSMETALSMORTALITYMULTILATERAL TRADEMULTILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATIONNATIONAL AVERAGENATIONAL POPULATIONNATIONAL POVERTYNON-AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIESNON-FARM EMPLOYMENTNUTRITIONOILOPENNESSOPPORTUNITY COSTPATTERNS OF TRADEPER CAPITA INCOMEPOLICY RESEARCHPOVERTY HEADCOUNTPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY REDUCTIONPREFERENTIAL TREATMENTPRICE OF IMPORTSPRIMARY SCHOOLPRODUCTION FUNCTIONSPUBLIC EXPENDITURESQUOTASRATES OF PROTECTIONREAL GDPREAL INCOMEREAL TERMSREAL WAGESREDUCING POVERTYRELATIVE IMPORTANCERURAL AREASRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL POORRURAL POPULATIONRURAL POVERTYSAVINGSSCHOOLING ATTAINMENTSOCIAL COSTSSOCIAL SERVICESSUBSTITUTION ELASTICITIESTARIFF BARRIERSTARIFF RATESTARIFF REDUCTIONTERMS OF TRADETOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITYTRADE BARRIERSTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE PATTERNSTRADE POLICYTRADE REFORMTRADE REFORMSTRADE REGIMETRADE SHOCKSTRANSACTIONS COSTSTRANSFER PAYMENTSUNILATERAL LIBERALIZATIONUNILATERAL TRADEUNILATERAL TRADE LIBERALIZATIONUNSKILLED LABORUNSKILLED WORKERSURBAN AREAURBAN AREASURBAN HOUSEHOLDSURBAN POPULATIONURBAN POPULATIONSURBAN POVERTYWAGE GAPWAGE RATEWAGE RATESWAGESWELFARE LOSSWORLD PRICESWTOWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-3702