World Bank2014-04-162014-04-162014-01https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17826The Dominican Republic has low economic mobility, with less than 2 percent of its people climbing to a higher income group during the decade, compared to an average 41 percent in the Latin America and Caribbean region as a whole. Despite improving access to basic goods and services such as water and education, coverage and quality remain uneven, thus limiting the economic opportunities of many disadvantaged people. This reflects their inability to influence the system to their benefit, a manifestation of weak political agency. This report uses a comprehensive definition of "equity" which entails that citizens must have equal access to opportunities, be able to live in dignity, and have the autonomy and voice to participate fully in their communities and decide on life plans that they have reason to value. This report identifies three broad goals for addressing the underlying causes of economic inequity in the Dominican Republic: (1) promote equitable, efficient, and sustainable fiscal policy; (2) build fair, transparent, and efficient institutions that will improve the provision and quality of public goods and services, expand economic opportunities, increase upward mobility, and better protect economically vulnerable Dominicans; and (3) strengthen access of the poor to labor markets and increase the demand for their labor, so as to make efficient use of human capital and allow the poor to benefit from economic growth. The analysis presented in this study analyzes mobility within generations by measuring directional income movement, that is, the net upward or downward movement in individual incomes over time. Serious analytical efforts should be devoted to understanding the apparent disconnection between macro and micro data that hinders the ability of national statistics to accurately reflect macroeconomic and social progress.A pesar del fuerte crecimiento económico de la última década, aún subsisten grandes inequidades en la sociedad dominicana. Casi una tercera parte de la población es pobre a pesar de tener las habilidades y los activos para generar ingresos. La mejora en el acceso a bienes y servicios básicos como agua y educación, la cobertura y la calidad siguen siendo desiguales, limitando así las oportunidades económicas de muchos de sus habitantes. Este estudio identifica tres grandes objetivos para hacer frente a las causas subyacentes de la desigualdad económica en la República Dominicana: la promoción de una política fiscal equitativa, eficiente y sostenible; la construcción de instituciones transparentes y eficientes que promuevan la inclusión económica y social a través de una mejor prestación y calidad de los bienes y servicios públicos, la ampliación de las oportunidades económicas, el incremento de la movilidad económica ascendente y la protección de los dominicanos económicamente vulnerables a los choques negativos; y finalmente, el fortalecimiento del acceso de los pobres al mercado laboral, incrementando la demanda por su mano de obra, de manera que se haga un uso eficiente del capital humano y facilite que los pobres se beneficien del crecimiento económico del país.en-USCC BY 3.0 IGOABSOLUTE POVERTYACCESS TO GOODSACCESS TO SANITATIONACCESS TO SERVICESACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMSACCOUNTABILITY STRUCTURESANNUAL GROWTHAVERAGE GROWTHAVERAGE GROWTH RATEAVERAGE INCOMEAVERAGE INCOMESBANKING CRISISBASIC EDUCATIONBASIC HEALTHBUDGETINGBUSINESS CYCLESCAPACITY CONSTRAINTSCAPITAL MARKETSCARIBBEAN REGIONCASH TRANSFERCASH TRANSFER PROGRAMCASH TRANSFER SCHEMECENTRAL BANKCHANGES IN POVERTYCHRONIC POVERTYCHRONICALLY POORCIVIL SOCIETYCLEAN WATERCONSUMPTION BASKETCOPING BEHAVIORSCOST-EFFECTIVENESSCURRENCYCURRENCY DEPRECIATIONDEBTDEVELOPMENT INDICATORSDIMENSIONAL POVERTYDISADVANTAGED GROUPSDOMESTIC BANKINGECONOMIC CRISESECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC DOWNTURNSECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC INSECURITYECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIESECONOMIC REFORMSECONOMIC SHOCKECONOMIC SHOCKSECONOMICSEDUCATION LEVELEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTEMPLOYMENT CREATIONEMPLOYMENT GENERATIONEMPLOYMENT PROGRAMSEQUAL ACCESSEQUITABLE ACCESSEXPENDITUREEXTREME POVERTYEXTREME POVERTY LINEFAMILY INCOMEFAMILY INCOMESFINANCIAL CRISISFINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFINANCIAL SECTORFISCAL CAPACITYFISCAL POLICYFOOD BASKETFOOD NEEDSFOREIGN CAPITALFOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTFOREIGN INVESTMENTGINI COEFFICIENTGROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCTGROWTH RATEGROWTH RATESHEALTH EXPENDITURESHEALTH INSURANCEHOUSEHOLD HEADHOUSEHOLD HEADSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEHOUSEHOLD PER CAPITA INCOMEHOUSEHOLD SURVEYHOUSEHOLD WELFAREHOUSINGHUMAN CAPITALIMMUNIZATIONIMPACT OF SHOCKSINCOMEINCOME CHANGEINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME DYNAMICSINCOME GENERATIONINCOME GROWTHINCOME INEQUALITYINCOME POVERTYINCOME REDISTRIBUTIONINCOME TAXESINDICATORS OF POVERTYINEQUALITY REDUCTIONINFANT MORTALITYINFLATIONINFORMATION ASYMMETRIESINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINTERNATIONAL POVERTY LINESINVESTINGINVESTMENT CLIMATELABOR FORCELABOR MARKETLABOR MARKET PROGRAMSLABOR MARKETSLACK OF TRANSPARENCYLOCAL GOVERNMENTMACROECONOMIC POLICIESMARKET DISTORTIONSMARKET INFORMATIONMARKET STRUCTUREMATERNAL MORTALITYMICRO DATANATIONAL ACCOUNTSNEGATIVE SHOCKSNEW POORPER CAPITA GROWTHPER CAPITA INCOMESPHYSICAL ASSETSPOLICY AREASPOLICY INTERVENTIONSPOLICY MAKERSPOLICY OBJECTIVEPOLICY OPTIONSPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOORPOOR FAMILIESPOOR PEOPLEPOST-CRISIS PERIODPOST-CRISIS PERIODSPOVERTY ESTIMATESPOVERTY GAPPOVERTY INCREASESPOVERTY LEVELSPOVERTY LINEPOVERTY LINESPOVERTY MEASUREMENTPOVERTY RATEPOVERTY RATESPOVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY STATUSPUBLIC FUNDSPUBLIC INVESTMENTSPURCHASING POWERQUALITY OF LIFERATE OF RETURNREDUCING POVERTYREGIONAL AVERAGEREGIONAL LEVELSREGIONAL POPULATIONREGIONAL STANDARDSREMITTANCESRETURNSRISK MANAGEMENTRISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMSRULE OF LAWRURALRURAL AREASRURAL HOUSEHOLDSRURAL INEQUALITYRURAL POORRURAL POVERTYSAFETY NETSAFETY NETSSANITATIONSCHOOLINGSKILLED WORKERSSOCIAL ASSISTANCESOCIAL NORMSSOCIAL PROGRAMSSOCIAL PROTECTIONTARGETINGTARGETING MECHANISMSTAXTAX COLLECTIONTAX EXEMPTIONSTAX SYSTEMTAXATIONTRANSIENT POORUNDERDEVELOPED CAPITAL MARKETSUNEMPLOYMENTURBAN AREASURBAN POVERTYVULNERABILITY TO POVERTYWEALTH CREATION10.1596/17826