Mattoo, AadityaHoekman, Bernard2012-06-082012-06-082007-12https://hdl.handle.net/10986/7527This paper discusses what could be done to expand services trade and investment through a multilateral agreement in the World Trade Organization. A distinction is made between market access liberalization and the regulatory preconditions for benefiting from market opening. The authors argue that prospects for multilateral services liberalization would be enhanced by making national treatment the objective of World Trade Organization services negotiations, thereby clarifying the scope of World Trade Organization commitments for regulators. Moreover, liberalization by smaller and poorer members of the World Trade Organization would be facilitated by complementary actions to strengthen regulatory capacity. If pursued as part of the operationalization of the World Trade Organization's 2006 Aid for Trade taskforce report, the World Trade Organization could become more relevant in promoting not just services liberalization but, more importantly, domestic reforms of services policies.CC BY 3.0 IGOACCESS TO SERVICE MARKETSADVERSE EFFECTAGREEMENT ON TRADEAGRICULTUREASYMMETRIC INFORMATIONAUDITSAUTONOMYBANK REGULATIONBARRIERS TO ENTRYBARRIERS TO INVESTMENTBEST MARKETBILATERAL APPROACHBUSINESS PRACTICEBUSINESS SERVICESCAPACITY BUILDINGCOLLATERALCOMMERCIAL PRESENCECOMPARATIVE ADVANTAGECOMPETITIVE MARKETCOMPETITIVE MARKET STRUCTURESCOMPETITIVENESSCOMPETITIVENESS OF FIRMSCONCESSIONSCONSUMERSCORE BUSINESSCOUNTRY MARKETSCRITICAL MASSCROSS-BORDER TRADEDEVELOPING COUNTRIESDEVELOPING COUNTRYDEVELOPING COUNTRY MARKETSDEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCEDEVELOPMENT ECONOMICSDEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESDISTRIBUTION SERVICESDOHA DEVELOPMENT AGENDADOMESTIC REGULATIONDOMESTIC SUPPLYECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTECONOMIC INTEGRATIONECONOMIC OUTCOMESECONOMIC PERFORMANCEECONOMIC SITUATIONECONOMIC SIZEECONOMIES OF SCALEECONOMY-WIDE BENEFITSEFFECTIVE MARKET ACCESSEMERGING ECONOMIESEMERGING MARKETSENERGY SERVICESENFORCEMENT OF CONTRACTSEXPORT GROWTHEXPORT MARKETSEXPORT OPPORTUNITIESEXPORTERSEXPORTSEXTERNALITIESFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL INSTRUMENTSFINANCIAL MARKETSFINANCIAL SECTORFINANCIAL SERVICESFIXED COSTSFOREIGN ENTRYFOREIGN EXCHANGEFOREIGN FIRMSFOREIGN INVESTORSFOREIGN MARKETSFOREIGN PROVIDERSFOREIGN SERVICESGATSGDPGLOBAL MARKETPLACEGLOBAL TRADEGROWTH RATEHOME COUNTRIESHOME COUNTRYIMPACT OF TRADEIMPERFECT COMPETITIONIMPORTANCE OF SERVICESIMPORTING COUNTRYINCOMEINCOMESINCUMBENT PROVIDERINDUSTRIAL COUNTRYINFORMATION SERVICESINFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINSTITUTIONAL CAPACITYINTANGIBLEINTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONINTERNATIONAL MARKETINTERNATIONAL TRADEINTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICESINTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONSINTERNATIONAL TRANSACTIONS IN SERVICESINTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTINVESTMENT BARRIERSINVESTMENT CLIMATEINVESTMENT LIBERALIZATIONITCJOINT VENTURELDCSLIBERALIZATIONLIBERALIZATION OF TRADELIBERALIZATION OF TRADE IN GOODSLIBERALIZING COMMITMENTSLIBERALIZING TRADELIMITED ACCESSMARKET ACCESSMARKET ACCESS COMMITMENTSMARKET FAILURESMARKET STRUCTURESMERCANTILISMMFNMFN EXEMPTIONSMODES OF SUPPLYMONEY LAUNDERINGMULTILATERAL AGREEMENTMULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENTMULTILATERAL LIBERALIZATIONMULTILATERAL NEGOTIATIONSMULTILATERAL RULESMULTILATERAL TRADEMULTILATERAL TRADING SYSTEMNATIONAL TREATMENTNATIONAL WELFARENATURAL PERSONSNECESSARY REGULATORYOPENNESSOUTSOURCINGPER CAPITA INCOMEPOLITICAL ECONOMYPOSITIVE EFFECTSPRIVATIZATIONPRO-COMPETITIVE REGULATIONPROFESSIONAL SERVICESPROVISION OF SERVICESRECIPROCITYRECOGNITION AGREEMENTSREGIONAL TRADEREGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTSREGULATORREGULATORSREGULATORY AUTHORITIESREGULATORY BODIESREGULATORY CONSTRAINTSREGULATORY MECHANISMSREGULATORY REQUIREMENTSREGULATORY STANDARDSREMOTE AREASREVERSE AUCTIONSECURITY CONCERNSSERVICE QUALITYSERVICE SECTORSSERVICES CONTEXTSERVICES INDUSTRIESSERVICES LIBERALIZATIONSERVICES MARKETSSERVICES NEGOTIATIONSSERVICES PROVIDERSSERVICES SECTORSERVICES SECTORSSERVICES SUPPLIERSSERVICES TRADESKILLED WORKERSSMALL ENTERPRISESTARIFF EQUIVALENTSTAXTECHNICAL ASSISTANCETECHNOLOGICAL CHANGETECHNOLOGICAL CHANGESTELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKSTRADE AGREEMENTSTRADE BARRIERSTRADE FINANCETRADE IN SERVICESTRADE LIBERALIZATIONTRADE POLICIESTRADE POLICYTRADE REFORMSTRADING PARTNERSTRADING SYSTEMTRANSACTION COSTSTRANSACTIONS COSTSTRANSITION ECONOMIESTRANSPARENCYTRANSPORT COSTSTRANSPORT SERVICESTRANSPORTATION SERVICESTRAVEL SERVICESUNILATERAL REFORMSUNIVERSAL ACCESSUNIVERSAL SERVICEURUGUAY ROUNDVOTERSWORLD ECONOMYWORLD TRADEWORLD TRADE ORGANIZATIONWTOWorld Bank10.1596/1813-9450-4451